Central Powers
in World War I the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary and other nations allied with them in opposing the Allies
Allied Powers
world war I alliance of Britian, France, and Russia, and later joined by Italy, the United States, and others.
Germany
Gave Austria full support for "whatever" with a BLANK CHECK.
Austria-Hungary
Declared war on Serbia because Gavrilo Princip, a member of the Black Hand, assassinated Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
Serbia
Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian nationalist, assassinated the heir to the Austrian throne, so Austria declared war.
Russia
Mobilized troops just in case of war because they sympathized with Serbia.
France
Germany couldn't fight a 2-front war, so according to the SCHLIEFFEN PLAN, they attacked France, through Belgium, to knock out the west.
Belgium
Was attacked by Germany when they were trying to knock out the west
Great Britain
In 1830 GB promised to protect Belgium if it was attacked, they also signed the Triple Alliance with France
Italy
Joined because GB and France promised them that Italy would get back the land Austria stole, where ITALIANS lived.
United States
They just had to join the party...couldn't find it.
Triple Alliance
Alliance between Germany, Italy, Austria Hungry. It said "if one of the three nations is attacked, the other two must fight on their side
Triple Entente
An alliance between Great Britain, France and Russia in the years before WWI. It said "if one of the three nations goes to war, the other two must fight on their side
Militarism
glorification and build-up of the military
Alliance System
defense agreements among nations
Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically.
Nationalism
Love for ones country and the belief that it is superior to any other.
Archduke Franz Ferdinand
an heir to the austrian throne, he was shot by young serbian men. Shots that started WWI
Great War
WWI, was originally called the Great War, because it was the first war to involve that many nations
Trench Warfare
Fighting with trenches, mines, and barbed wire. Horrible living conditions, great slaughter, no gains, stalemate, used in WWI.
George Clemenceau
French prime minister
Wanted:
-Protection from German attack by League of Nations
-Alsace-Lorraine
-Reduction of German Troops
Vittorio Orlando
Italian representative at Versailles, just wanted to have their land back.
David Lloyd George
the prime minister of Great Britain.
Wanted:
-$$ from Germany
-Germany's colonies
Ulrich Von Brockdorff-Rantzau
German representative in the Treaty of Versailles Conference
Wanted:
-Keep loss of money minimal
-To keep Germany a whole, don't lose land
-admittance to League of Nations
Woodrow Wilson
U.S. President, who led USA into WWI. He proposed the 14 points. He attended the peace conference at Versailles.
14 Points
Woodrow Wilson's peace plan, set out before war ended, helped bring it to and end because it helped Germans look forward to peace and be willing to surrender, was easy on the germans punishment for war. Points included: poeple all over the world are to de
Reparations
payment for damages after a war
Buffer Zone
a neutral area between two hostile forces
Rhineland
Area demilitarized after WWI that Hitler takes back in 1936
Alsace-Lorraine
Land that was taken from France by Germany
League of Nations
International organization founded in 1919 to promote world peace and cooperation but greatly weakened by the refusal of the United States to join. It proved ineffectual in stopping aggression by Italy, Japan, and Germany in the 1930s. (763)
Assembly
Membership: All nations, 1 vote per nation
Purpose: to deal with international issues
Council
Membership:permanent 5: GB, France, Italy, Japan, USA, and 4 rotating nations
Purpose: threats to world peace
Secretariat
Membership: clerical workers from all nations
Purpose: manage business of the league
Sanctions
ceasing to trade with a nation
Blockade
an action taken to isolate an enemy and cut off its supplies
Mandate
an authoritative command, formal order, authorization; to issue such an order
Arbitration
settlement of a dispute by a 3rd party
Manchuria
...
Ethiopia
...
Collective Security
the principle of mutual military assistance among nations
Why did the US never join the League of Nations?
Woodrow Wilson could not get enough support from the senate
Big Three
Great Britain, United States, Soviet Union
Disarmament
The reduction of armed forces and weapons.
Alliances
An agreement between nations to aid and protect each other.
Causes of World War One
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, and the forming of the Triple Alliance.
M: Militarism
A: Alliances
I: Imperialism
I: Industrialization
N: Nationalism
Treaty of Versailles
Created by the leaders victorious allies Nations: France, Britain, US, and signed by Germany to help stop WWI in 1920. The treaty stripped Germany of all Army, Navy, Air force, Germany had to repair war damages, Germany had to acknowledge guilt for causin
National Self-Determination
Is the free choice of one's own acts without external compulsion.
Balance of Power
Distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong.
Blank Check
Germany swears to support Austria-Hungary in any actions it takes against Serbia.
Pan-Slavism
A movement to promote the independence of Slav people. Roughly started with the Congress in Prague; supported by Russia. Led to the Russo-Turkish War of 1877.