Russian Revolution Finals

Serfdom Russia

men of women who were the poorest members of society, peasants who worked the lord's land in exchange for protection., workers who were tied to the land on which they lived.to retain the allegiance of the powerful noble who owned most of Russia's land, th

Mir

Village commune where the emancipated serfs lived and worked collectively in order to meet redemption payments to the government.

Pogroms

organized campaigns of violence against Jews permitted by Russian government officials; spread the persecution of Jews

Czar Nicholas II & Czarina Alexandra

Russian Czar during WWI; unpopular with Russian people; overthrown in March 1917; executed by Bolsheviks after November Revolution (1917), wife of Nicholas II; ran Russia when her husband was at WWI; allowed Rasputin to make reforms because he healed her

Chekka

new communist secret police

Russo-Japanese War

Russia and Japan were fighting over Korea, Manchuria, etc. Began in 1904, but neither side could gain a clear advantage and win. Both sent reps to Portsmouth, NH where Theodore Roosevelt mediated Treaty of New Hampshire in 1905. TR won the Nobel peace pri

Rasputin

Siberian peasant monk who was religious advisor in the court of Nicholas II, Self-proclaimed holy man who claimed to heal the sick and have prophecy. He had much influence over Tsarina Alexandra and she often went to him for advise on political issues. He

1905 Revolution/ Bloody Sunday

January 9, 1905
-Workers, wives, and children peacefully marched to bring a petition to the Tsar's winter palace
-Tsar's troops fired at the protestors
-200 died, 800 wounded that day
-later known as "Bloody Sunday" and permanently altered the attitudes o

Vladimir Lenin

Founder of the Russian Communist Party, this man led the November Revolution in 1917 which established a revolutionary soviet government based on a union of workers, peasants, and soldiers.

Bolsheviks

Radical Marxist political party founded by Vladimir Lenin in 1903. Under Lenin's leadership, the Bolsheviks seized power in November 1917 during the Russian Revolution.

Kerensky

Headed the provisional government after Czar abdicated. Supported democracy just like allies, also felt the need to keep promise to allies and continue fighting the war, which lead to his being overthrown by the Bolsheviks.

Provisional Government

The government established in 1917 which replaced Nicholas II when he abdicated. The only mistake of this government was not getting Russia out of the brutal World War I.

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Feb 9 1918 A signed agreement between Russia and the Central Powers when Russia withdrew from the War. Russia surrendered Poland, the Ukraine and other territory., Treaty between Bolsheviks and Germans to get Russia out of the war. 1) Russia lost 1/3 of h

Russian civil war Red V/s White Army

1918-1920: conflict in which the Red Army successfully defended the newly formed Bolshevik government against various Russian anti-Bolshevik or Pro-czarist armies. Red vs. White Army.
Red the Bolsheviks won because:
They controlled the strategic center of

U.S.S.R

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Created by Lenin in 1922.

Trotsky

A brilliant strategist who served as commander of the victorious Reds in the civil war and Lenin's advisor until Lenin's death. He was very persuasive and had charisma; he was very good at propaganda. He fought Stalin for the head job after Lenin's death

Stalin

Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)

Great Purge

The widespread arrests and executions of over a million people by Josef Stalin between 1936 and 1938. Stalin was attempting to eliminate all opposition to his rule of the Soviet Union.

Five year Plans

Stalin discarded the New Economic Policy (NEP) of Russia and imposed the Five Year Plans in 1928 and collectivization played a huge part., Plans that Joseph Stalin introduced to industrialize the Soviet Union rapidly, beginning in 1928. They set goals for

Command Economy

An economic system in which the government controls a country's economy.

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.), is a concept used to describe political systems whereby a state regulates nearly every aspect of public and private life. These

Collectivization

Creation of large, state-run farms rather than individual private farms; allowed more efficient control over peasants; part of Stalin's economic and political planning; often adopted in other Communist regimes.

End of Romanov rule

Nicholas II was an inept ruler, food shortages in Petrograd led to demonstrations and strikes, Nicholas ordered his troops to restore order, abdicated in 1917, ending three centuries of Romanov rule.

Russian Revolution 1917

The revolution in the Russian Empire in 1917, in which the czarist regime was overthrown and replaced by Bolshevik rule under Lenin. This was a driving factor that caused the Russians to leave the war and deal with domestic problems.2 phases to this Revol

Power Struggle In Russia

1.Civil War between Reds/Whites-1918-1920: conflict in which the Red Army successfully defended the newly formed Bolshevik government against various Russian anti-Bolshevik or Pro-czarist armies. Red vs. White Army.
Red the Bolsheviks won because:
They co

Reforms attempted and rejected by czars - Why?

In 1904 Russia suffered a humiliating defeat in a war against Japan.
On a Sunday in 1905 a protest march of workers was organized to the Czar's winter palace in St. Petersburg.
The Czar fled the palace. As the workers approached, guards fired upon them ki

Why Russia becomes communist

Russia was a czarist nation when the philosophies of communism started to take hold. For centuries, Russia was ruled by the Romanov dynasty that wielded absolute power over the people. Czar Nicholas II and his wife resisted the shift toward democracy that