Cardinal Richelieu strengthened the power of the monarchy by
taking away the Huguenots' political and military rights and executing conspirators
The Moguls in India were foreigners who were also
Muslims
The foundation for a constitutional monarchy in England was laid by the
Bill of Rights
What is absolutism?
a system of government in which a ruler hold total power
Shah Jahan had the_____ built in Agra in memory of his wife.
Taj Mahal
Elizabeth Tutor tried
avoid war with France and Spain
The Thirty Years' War involved all the major European powers except which nation?
England
In the late thirteenth century, a new group of Turks under their leader Osama began to build power in
the northwest corner of the Anatolian Peninsula
Seven percent of the total French population were
Huguenots
Under the leadership of_____, the Ottomans conquered Constantinople and gained dominance over the Balkans and the Anatolian Peninsula.
Mehmet II
The Civil War in England was a conflict between
the king and parliament
James I of England strongly believed in
the divine right of kings
Ottoman expansion in the early fourteenth century eventually led to their control over
the Bosporus and the Dardanelles
Peter the Great wanted to
westernize, or Europeanize, Russia
Recruited from the local Christian population in the Balkans, the janissaries were
converted to Islam and trained as foot soldiers or administrators to serve the sultan
The Rump Parliament was
what was left after Cromwell purged the members who did not support him
The Ottoman Empire after the death of Suleyman was hurt by all of the following except
lack of training for officials, cost of constant wars, rise of a privileged group; except the sack of Constantinople
The Hapsburg Empire did all of the following except
take control of Hungary, Croatia, and Slavonia; lose their Holy Roman Empire in Germany, remain a collection of territories; except establish a centralized, absolutist state
The Bill of Rights did all of the following except
recognize Parliament's right to make laws, recognize the right to jury trials, prevent monarchs from raising armies; except abolish Parliament
What was the name of the group of Ottoman religious advisers that administered the legal system and schools for education Muslims
ulema
Philip II of Spain was known as the
Most Catholic King
The Commissariat established by Frederick William in Prussia became
both a military and civl agency
When Henry of Navarre became Henry IV, he
converted to Catholicism
The____ brought an era of unity to the subcontinent of India in the 1600s.
Moguls
____ sought to increase the wealth and power of France by following the ideas of mercantilism.
Jean-Baptiste Colbert
The house of____ ruled the southern French Kingdom of Navarre.
Bourbon
During the meetings of the imperial council, the sultan
sat behind a screen and privately indicated his desires to the grand vizier
Local officials, known as____, kept a portion of the taxes paid by the peasants in lieu of salary.
zamindars
What was the "Glorious Revolution"?
the invasion of England by William of Orange, which overthrew James II with almost no bloodshed
Gunpowder empires" were empires that
were formed by outside conquerors who unified the regions they conquered
Babur's forces entered India through the
Khyber Pass
The British successes in India were achieved through the military genius of
Sir Robert Clive
The____ granted Puritans, but not Catholics, the right of public worship.
Toleration Act of 1689
William and Mary were offered the throne of England to
prevent succession by a Catholic Monarch
The Romanov dynasty in Russia was
chosen by the national assembly
The____ were Protestants in England who were inspired by Calvinist ideas.
Puritans
The Ottoman Empire preferred to
administer their lands through local rulers and pashas
The hereditary nature of the position of sultan
led to struggles over succession between the sons of the sultan
James I of England believed in the divine right of kings, which is
the ideas that kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
What two elements aided Akbar in gaining control of almost all of India?
heavy artillery and successful negotiators
The French kings of the sixteenth century managed to
do little to stop the spread of Protestantism
The Ottoman Turks conquered all of the following except
Constantinople, North Africa, the Balkans; except Spain
By the late eighteenth century, Mogul prosperity was shaken by
the coming of the British
Who established the Mogul dynasty?
Babur
The Rump Parliament did all of the following except
abolish monarchy, behead Charles I, declare England a republic or commonwealth; except restore Catholicism
Louis XIV maintained complete authority as monarch by
distracting the nobles and royal princes with court life, to keep them out of politics
Local, lower-ranking officials called zamindars did all of the following except
exercise considerable power, received farm plots, keep part of the taxes they collected; except command small armies
The Ottoman central government appointed officials called
pashas
Sir Robert Clive was an aggressive British empire builder who
was empowered by the British crown to fight any force that threatened the East India Company's power in India
Oliver Cromwell's defeat of the king's forces allowed him to
take control of England and eventually establish a military dictatorship
The Edict of Nantes recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France, and
gave the Huguenots the right to worship and to enjoy all political privileges
One of the richest parts of Philip II's empire was
the Spanish Netherlands