Describe what trade rights Westerners sought in China.
For 200 years leading up to 1800, Europeans and Chinese had been trading, but trading that once flourished was now limited to one trading port at Canton. Despite two efforts by the British including Lord Macartney, the Chinese would still not open ports.
How did British trade with China trigger the Opium Wars?
China had been only accepting silver in trading for the tea that British appetites became deeply obsessed with. Trade became imbalanced between the amount of silver leaving Britain for the tea demands. The British decided that opium would solve this probl
What were Lin Zexu's steps to ban opium?
He first wrote a letter to the queen stating that they were trading great valuable goods to the British including silk, porcelain, spices, and especially tea. However, the British were no longer returning the trade with silver, but rather opium which was
How did Western powers gain greater trading rights with China?
Western powers began to make unequal treaties with China. The first treaty was after the first Opium war, TREATY of NANJING (China had to open 5 ports, one of which included Canton). The second treaty was, TREATY of TIANJIN (China doesn't only lose more o
Explain the internal problems Chinese reformers tried to solve.
Most of the internal problems started with the increase in population. As long as the government can control and keep things stable, population growth could have been favorable, but this did not occur. Instead, poverty created the base of society; taxes f
How did the Taiping Rebellion and other internal problems weaken the Qing dynasty?
The Qing started fighting with many rebellions including the White Lotus Society Rebellion and Miao Rebellion, within and many of the rebellions crossed over one another in similarity. The Taiping really combined everything and was by far the most serious
How did reformers try to solve China's internal problems?
The Qing ended up defeating the Taiping, but the reform allowed followers of the rebellion to be saved. Some rebels felt that they had been saved by not being killed by the Qing, so that led them to join the governmental side as a sign they had been saved
In 1911, the Qing dynasty collapsed, bringing to an end more than 2000 years of imperial Chinese history.
The examination system was not stopped until 1905, and fell in 1911; this choice was not made until the dynasty finally fell.
What were some of the internal and/or external reasons for the fall of the Qing dynasty?
Internal: small rebels groups that took advantages of weaknesses in the Chinese systems and society, one bad story after another including multiple rebellions. External: opium issues and opium wars, influence from the West, and a multitude of unfair treat
Understand how the Qing dynasty fell.
One of the reasons the Qing did take a long time to fall was because the West did not necessarily want them to fall. The Empress Dowager was one of the main issues within China because she was extremely against any Western influence and the Self-strengthe
How was the Qing dynasty replaced with a republic?
The Nationalist government that was struggling was replaced by the Republic. The Chinese were dealing with all their problems, a weak government, and also influence and attacks from the outside all at once. People were involved in Chinese politics at the
How did Sun Yatsen's background prepare him to lead?
Sun Yatsen is talked about in China in the same manner that we would speak of George Washington. He was prepared to lead because of his portrayed of being extraordinarily positive. He was extremely charismatic and his political platform was innocuous enou
Balance of Trade
Chinese were trading Tea for Silver to the British and the balance of trade became unbalanced between the two countries. Britain saw too much silver leaving their country and decided to bring Opium into the picture.
Trade Surplus
when a country exports more than it imports
Trade Deficit
when a country imports more than it exports
Opium War
1839-1860. Started after Lin Zexu destroyed British ships that were waiting to trade opium to China. The British already did not like the Canton system and also saw this as a perfect excuse to enter war. The British were deeply offended and defeated the C
Indemnity
Part of the treaty of Nanjing, Britain would receive payments for what they lost during the Opium War
Extraterritoriality
Part of the treaty of Nanjing, Britain citizens were able to live in China under British law, not Chinese. They were also only seen in British court rooms, not Chinese
Most Favored Nation Clause
Status awarded by one nation to another in international trade. It means that the receiving nation will be granted all trade advantages � such as low tariffs � that any other nation also receives.
Taiping Rebellion
Used Christianity not so much of a religion but more of a "force" similar to Buddhism.
Shino-Japanese War
China and Japan were both victims of Western Imperialism. However, Japan's ability to be more modernized than China allowed them to win in this war. China did have more resources, but Japan had more powers, especially since they had already modernized the
Boxer Uprising
The Chinese did not want foreign influence in China anymore and were extremely anti-western. The Boxers thought many crude things about the Westerners, and thought that Christianity was horrifying. They also thought that westerners killed their babies. Th