organic chemistry
study of compounds that contain carbon
Stanley Miller experiment
abiotic synthesis organic compound
number unpaired electrons in valence shell of atom generally equal to ______
valence
valence
number of covalent bonds it can form
major elements of life
Carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
sulfur
phosphorous
Carbon forms _____ bonds
4
Carbon bonded to 4 other structures it will have
tetrahedral structure
carbon bonded to less than 4 other atoms
planar structure
simplest organic substances
hydrocarbons
molecular structures are key to
function
carbon chain forms the
carbon skeleton
carbon skeleton
form basis of all organic molecules
isomer
compound with same molecular formula but different structure and properties
structural isomer
different covalent arrangements of atoms
cis-trans isomer
the same covalent bonds but differ in spatial arrangments
cis
same side
trans
opposite side
enantiomer
isomers that are mirror images of each other
hydrocarbons
organic molecule consisting of only carbon and hydrogen
store large amounts energy release large amounts energy when broken apart
functional group
atom or group atoms replaces H bond to carbon skeleton
7 functional groups most important in chemistry
1. hydroxyl group
2. carbonyl group
3. carboxyl group
4. amino group
5. sulfhydryl group
6. phosphate group
7. methyl group