Health chapter 16 test

Endocrine glands

groups of cells that secretes hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Hormones

are chemical substances that help regulates many of your body's functions

Thyroid glands

regulates metabolism, body heat and bone growth

Parathyroid glands

regulates the body's balance of calcium and phosphorus

pituitary gland

regulates the activities of all other endocrine glands

Pancreas

regulates the level of glucose in the blood

Adrenal Gland

helps the body deal with stress and respond to emergencies

Adrenal cortex

the outer region of the adrenal glands

Adrenal medulla

Secretes a hormone called EPINEPHRINE (adrenaline) & norepinephrine

Gonads

another name for ovaries and testes

Hypthalamus

LINKS THE ENDOCRINE system and the NERVOUS SYSTEM and STIMULATES THE PITUITARY GLAND to secretes hormones.

Pineal Glands

secretes melotonin that REGULATES YOUR SLEEP SYSTEM.

Anterior lobe: front

Females:
FSH- stimulates production of ESTROGEN to mature egg development
LH: stimulates PROGESTERONE for ovulation- releasing of mature.
Males:
FSH- controls sperm production
LH- Stimulates production of TESTOSTERONE.

intermediate: middle

MSH- controls skin color

Posterior: rear/back

ADH- controls water balance & oxytocin for uterine contractions

Sperm

the male GAMETES or REPRODUCTION CELLS

Testosterone

the male sex hormone

Testes

Are TWO SMALL GLANDS that secrete testosterone & produce sperm

Scrotum

an external skin sac

Penis

Is a tube shaped organ that extends from the trunk of the body just above the testes.

Semen

A THICK FLUID containing SPERM and other secretions from the male reproductive system

Sterility

is the INABILITY TO REPRODUCE

Foreskin

A thin loose skin that COVERS THE TIP OF THE PENIS at birth

Circumcision

SURGICAL REMOVAL of the foreskin

Ejaculation

at the height of sexual arousal a series of muscular CONTRACTIONS

Fertilization

the JOINING of a male sperm and a female egg cell

Eggs

Female gametes or OVA

Ovaries

The female SEX GLANDS THAT STORE THE OVA & PRODUCE female HORMONES

Uterus

the HOLLOW, muscular organ that nourishes & protects a fertilized ovum until birth

Ovulation

Is the process of releasing a MATURE OVUM into the Fallopian tube each month.

Fallopian tubes

Muscular tubes in which fertilization occurs

vagina

A muscular, ELASTIC PASSAGEWAY that extends from the uterus to the outside of the body

Menstruation

The SHEDDING of the UTERINE LINING

Cervix

The OPENING of the UTERUS

Endometrium

The LINING of the UTERUS

Menopause

The end of the REPRODUCTIVE years which usually occurs between the ages of 45 & 55.