personality
the behaviors, attitudes, feelings, and ways of thinking that make you an individual.
psychologist
studies how people think, feel, and behave.
Name five traits that are used to define personality.
Extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, and openness to experiences.
Extroversion
how much you like being with other people.
Agreeableness
your tendency to relate to other people in a friendly way.
Conscientiousness
how responsible and self-disciplined you are.
Emotional Stability
relaxed, secure, and calm, even during difficult situations.
Openness to Experiences
curious, imaginative, and creative.
What are two factors that determine how your personility develops.
Heredity and environment.
modeling
learning how to behave by copying the behavior of others.
peer group
a group of people who are about the same age and share similar interests.
Describe what happens to personality over a lifetime.
people meet a series of challenges.
What are the eight stages of life?
Develop trust, learn to be independent, take initiative, develop skills, search for identity, establish intimacy, create and nuture, and look back with acceptance.
identity
a sense of self.
self-esteem
how much you respect yourself and like yourself.
Compare the effects of high and low self-esteem on health.
High self-esteem has a positive effect on health and low self-esteem has a negative effect on health.
Identify ways to achieve and maintain high self-esteem.
Focus on your accomplishments, talents, and contributions to your family and community. Make a list of your strength and weaknesses, Set ambitious, but not realistic goals for yourself, Don't be too hard on yourself, Rely on your values, Learn to accept c
self-actualization
process by which people achieve their full potential.
Summarize Maslow's theory of self-actualization.
Basic needs must be meet which are physical needs, the need to feel safe, the need to belong, and the need for esteem.
hierarchy of needs
an arrangement of human needs in a pyramid with physical needs at the base and self-actualization at the top.
emotion
a reaction to a situation that involves your mind, body, and behavior.
primary emotions
emotions that are expressed by people in all cultures.
What are four examples of primary emotions?
Happiness, sadness, anger, and fear.
grief
a period of deep sorrow.
What are three examples of learned emotions?
Love, guilt, and shame.
coping strategies
a way of dealing with an uncomfortable or unbearable feeling or situation.
Distinguish helpful from harmful coping strategies.
Coping strategies are helpful when they improve a situation or allow a person to handle a situation in a better way. Coping strategies are harmful when they make a situation worse or a person is less able to handle a situation.
defense mechanisms
coping strategies that help you to protect yourself from difficult feelings.
denial
refusing to recognize an emotion or problem.
compensation
making up for weaknesses in one area by excelling in another area.
rationalization
making excuses for actions or feelings.
reaction formation
behaving in a way opposite to the way you feel.
projection
putting your own faults onto another person.
regression
returning to immature behaviors to express emotions.
personality
consists of the behaviors, attitudes, feelings, and ways of thinking that make you an individual
psychologist
a person who studies how people think, feel, and behave
modeling
when children copy the behavior of others as they grow up
learned emotion
social emotions, depends on where a person grows up
coping strategy
is a way of dealing with an uncomfortable or unbearable feeling or situation
cautious
Careful not to get into danger
Adventurous
Willing to take risks or to try out new methods, ideas, or experiences.
outgoing
friendly and energetic and finding it easy and enjoyable to be with others
calm
calm tranquil, serene
suspicious
Inclined or tending to believe that something is wrong
suspicious
Inclined or tending to believe that something is wrong
excitable
emotional, passionate, fiery
shy
Not confident, especially about meeting or talking to new people
anxious
anxious This adjective implies uneasiness, worry, or fear. Do not use it as a substitute of eager
trusting
believing that others are good
even-tempered
not easily angered or upset
Develop Skills
to teach students how to do activities like listening, and help them to understand how to listen
Develop Trust
Trust develops through interactions with others.
Environment
Every non genetic influence, from prenatal nutrition to the people and things around us.
Emotional Stability
People who are emotionally stable tend to be relaxed, secure, and calm, even during difficult situations.
Establish Intimacy
Make close bonds with others
Heredity
Passing of traits from parents to offspring
Learn to be Independent
stage in which young children learn to do things on their own
look Back with Acceptance
Reflect back on past experiences
Search for Identity
Sense of self
Take Initiative
children begin to plan their own activities