mucous membranes
produce mucus, which moisten the air and traps bacteria and dust particles before they reach the lungs
cilia
are tiny hairlike structures that are in constant motion
sinuses
above the nasal cavity are serval hollow spaces or.......
pharynx
throat
trachea
also called the windpipe; pathway through which air moves from the pharynx into the chest
epiglottis
blocks off the opening of the trachea when you swallow, preventing food from entering the trachea
larynx
or voice box, is found at the top of the trachea
bronchi
in the chest cavity the trachea divides to form 2 the cartilage ringed tubes and ........ that go thought each lung
lungs
are the elastic, spongy organs through which the body absorbs oxygen
bronchioles
smallest lung tubes
alveoli
are located at the end of bronchioles; tiny sacs
diaphragm
a dome shaped muscle that lies just below the lungs, is the main muscle involved in breathing
influenza
or flu commonly include fever, headache, muscle aches, sore troats, and a cough
Pneumonia
is an infection in which fluids accumulate in the alveoli, decreases the lungs ability to take in oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide
tuberculsis
is a chronic, or long term bacterial disease that affects the lungs and other parts of the body
asthma
is a disorder in which the air passages become narrower than normal
allergy
which is a reaction of the body to an irritating substance
bronchitis
is an inflammation and swelling of the mucous membranes
emphysema
is a respiratory disorder in which the alveoli lose their ability to expand and contract
blood
brings oxygen , nutrients, and other necessary materials to your body cells and carries waste products away
cardiovascular system
provides a pathway through which blood can carry materials throughout your body
heart
is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body
atrium
receives blood entering the heart
ventricle
which is the chamber that pumps blood from the heart to the rest of the body
pulmonary circulation
the pathway that blood follows from teh heart to the lungs
systemic circulation
is the route that blood travels from the heart to most of the body and then back to the heart
pacemaker
it helps regulate the rate at which the heart beats or contracts
arteries
the thick walled elastic vessels that carry blood away from the heart
aorta
which is apart of the systemic circulation; largest artery in the body
coronary arteries
carry blood to the heart muscle itself
arterioles
as an artery enters an organ or tissue it branches to form smaller blood vessels
capillaries
the smallest blood vessels in the body
venules
small blood vessels that join together to form veins
blood pressure
is the force with which blood pushes against the walls of the blood vessels
systolic pressure
is the force caused by the surge of blood that moves to the result of the contraction of the ventricles
diastolic pressure
force recorded when the ventricles are relaxed
plasma
liquid part of blood
red blood cells
are more numerous than any other type of blood cells
white blood cells
help protect the body against diseases and foreign substances
platelets
are pieces of cells that start the process of blood clotting
blood group
or blood type is a classification based on whether certain proteins are present on the surface of the red blood cells
rh factor
determines a blood group called the rh group
atherosclerosis
is a build up of cholesterol and other fatty materials on artery walls which restrict blood
coronary heart disease
when the coronary arteries become clogged as a result of atherosclerosis ................results
heart attack
occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked
congenital heart disorder
when structural problems of the heart are present at birth
rheumatic heart disease
which damages the valves of the heart
hypertension
blood pressure that is consistently higher than normal
stroke
in which the blood flow to a part of the brain is suddenly cut off
anemia
a condition in which there are too few red blood cells or too little hemoglobin in the blood
sickle cell disease
is a condition in which red blood cells curve into a sickle shape because of a flaw in the hemoglobin
aerobic exercise
is repetitive, nonstop physical activity that raises the breathing and heart rates