Health (WHO)
the state of complete mental, physical, and social well being not merely the absence of disease or infirmity- 1947
Heath (WHO) -1986
health is a resource for life, not the object of everyday living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities
Health- joint committee
a dynamic state or condition that is multidimensional (i.e. physical, emotional, social, intellectual, spiritual, and occupational) a resource for living, and results from a person's interactions with and applications of the environment
community health
the health status of a defined group of people and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
health education
any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence based practices and/or sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain healthy behaviors
health promotion
any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organized mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities
disease prevention
the process of reducing risks and alleviating disease to promote, preserve, and restore health and minimize suffering and distress
public health
the science and art of protecting and improving the health of communities through education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and research for disease and injury prevention
global health
health problems, issues, and concerns that transcend national boundaries and are beyond the control of individual nations, and are best addressed by cooperative actions and solutions
population health
the health status of people who are not organized and have no identity as a group or locality and the actions and conditions to promote, protect, and preserve their health
coordinated school health
an organized set of policies, procedures, and activities designed to protect, promote, and improve health and well-being of Pre-K through 12 students and staff, thus improving a student's ability to learn. It includes, but is not limited to, comprehensive
wellness
an approach to health that focuses on balancing the many aspects, or dimensions, of a person's life through increasing the adoption of health enhancing conditions and behaviors rather than attempting to minimize conditions of illness
health education specialist
an individual who ahs emt, at a minimum, baccalaureate-level required health education academic preparation qualifications, who serves in a variety of settings, and is able to use appropriate educational strategies and methods to facilitate the developmen
epidemiological data
information gathered when measuring health and ill health
Epidemiology
the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events (including disease) and the application of this study to the control of disease and other health problems
rate
measure of some event, disease, or condition in relation to a unit of population, along with some specification of time
death rates
the number of deaths per 100,000 resident population (aka mortality/fatality rates), most frequently used means of quantifying the seriousness of injury or disease
In which three ways are rates expressed
crude, adjusted, and specific
crude rate
rate expressed for a total population
adjusted rate
rate expressed for a total population that is statistically adjusted for a certain characteristic, such as an age
specific rate
rate for a particular population subgroup such as for a particular disease or for a particular age of people
endemic
occurs regularly in a population as a matter of course
epidemic
an unexpectedly large number of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior or any other health-related event in a population.
pandemic
an outbreak over a wide geographical area such as a continent
three epidemiological terms used to describe the magnitude of a rate of some event, disease, or condition in a unit of population
endemic, epidemic, and pandemic
Life expectancy
the average number of years of life remaining to a person at a particular age and is based on a given set of age-specific death rates--generally the mortality conditions existing in the period mentioned
Years of Potential Life Lost (YPLL)
measure of premature mortality-- calculated by subtracting a person's age at death from 75 years
disability-adjusted life years (DALYs)
a measure of health that takes into effect the severity of the health condition, age, and impact on the future
health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
number of years of healthy life expected, on average, in a given population
which measurements of health and health status take into account more than just mortality rate
DALYs and HALE
health-related quality of life (HRQOL)
those aspects of overall quality of life that can be clearly shown to affect health-- either physical or mental
National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
telephone interview in which respondents are asked a number of questions about their health and health behavior
NHANES
data is collected using a mobile examination center--direct physical examinations, clinical and laboratory testing, and related procedure. Most authoritative source of standardized clinical, physical, and physiological data on the US population
National Health Care Surveys
designed to provide information about the organizations and providers that deliver health care, the services rendered, and the patients they serve across diverse settings. Used to study resource use, including staffing; quality of care; clinical managemen
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS)
developed in 1990 to monitor priority health-risk behaviors that contribute markedly to the leading causes of death, disability, and social problems among youth and adults in the United States.
six categories of priority health-risk behaviors
tobacco use, unhealthy dietary behavior, physical inactivity, alcohol and other drug use, sexual behaviors that contribute to HIV infection, behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence
health disparity
the difference in health between populations often caused by two health inequities- lack of access to care and lack of quality care
NCHS
National Center for Health Statistics
primary role of health education specialists
develop appropriate health education/promotion programs for the people they serve
Evidence
data that can be used to make decisions about planning
Evidence-based practice
the process of systematically finding, appraising, and using evidence as the basis for decision making when planning health education/promotion programs
steps taken to develop a health education/promotion program
1) Assessing needs of priority population
2)Setting goals and objectives
3) Developing an intervention that considers the peculiarities of the setting
4)Implementing the intervention
5) Evaluating the results
health field
a term that includes all matters that affect health; far more encompassing than the healthcare system
Health Field Concept
a framework that was developed in Canada to study health; it ahs four elements: human biology, environment, lifestyle, and healthcare organization
Human biology
all those aspects of health, both physical and mental, which are developed within the human body as a consequence of the basic biology of man and the organic make-up of an individual
environment
all those matters related to health which are external to the human body and over which the individual has little or no control
lifestyle
an aggregation of decisions by individuals which affect their health and over which they more or less have control