Overweight
body weight that exceeds what is generally healthy for a particular height
Obese
excess accumulations of nonessential body fats
Health risks of being overweight/obese
High blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol),coronary heart disease, stroke,metabolic syndrome,cancer,osteoarthritis,sleep apnea, gallbladder, fatty liver disease,pregnancy complications and fertility problems
low- density lipoprotein(LDL)
blood fats can cause unhealthy deposits on artery wall(bad cholesterol)
High- density lipoprotein(HDL)
blood fats transport cholesterol out of arteries(good cholesterol)
metabolic syndrome
group of obesity related factors, increase risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes
osteoarthritis
excess weight on joints and wears down cartilage
Sleep apnea
stop breathing for short periods of time during sleep
Gallbaldder disease
infection and inflamation if gullbladder and gullstones
energy balance
consumed food =energy expended
increase calorie consumption
consumption of added fats, oils and sugars and larger portion sizes
Differences in Basic energy needs
age, body size, body shape and body consumption and gender
Thermogenesis
Personal ability to generate heat
Basal metabolic rate(BMR)
rate at which body expends energy for basic functioning of vital organs
Resting metabolic rate(RMR)
measured when a person is awake and resting quietly
Body Mass Index(BMI)
measurement calculated from height/weight
Healthful weight
health risks are the lowest for an individual BMI between 18.5 and 24.9
underweight BMI
weight resulting in BMI below18.5
overweight BMI
weight resulting in BMI 25- 29.9
obese BMI
weight resulting in BMI of 30+
Body Consumption
measuring your % of body fat
Modify eating habits by..
track food intake,practice portion control,drink water instead of sugary drinks,use artificial sweeteners in moderation, eat whole foods as close to natural state as possible,dont rely on diet foods, choose healthful carbs and fats, change 1 habit at a ti
Physically activity helps..
reduce feeling of hunger and builds muscle
Hunger
physiological sensation caused by lack of food , triggered by brain response to signals sent by digestive tract
appetite
psychological response to sight, smell, thought or taste
satiety
physical fullness, no longer a desire to eat
Low calorie diets
cutting calories, build food guidelines about calorie reduction
law carb diets
reducing carbs consumed,diets stick w/ low carb diets longer
diet pills
make your body think its full to regulate hormones that affect your desire to eat
Bariatric surgery
weight loss surgery, modify stomach
gastric banding
portioning off part of stomach with removable band
gastric bypass
permanently reducing size of stomach
how to gain weight
boost calories,eat smaller meals through out the day,add calories to meals,regular exercise to build appetite and muscles
how to maintain healthful weight
find reasons to be active, choose consistency rather than intensity, snack smart, make fruits and veggies main part of meal
Body image
persons perceptions, feelings and critiques of his/her own body
eating disorders
disturbances in food intake/appetite(anorexia, bulimia and binge eating)
Anorexia
extremely low body weight,body image distortion,severe calorie restriction and fear of gaining weight
Bulimia
binge eating followed by vomiting,laxative abuse and over exercising
binge eating
consuming large amounts of food in a short amount of time & do little to burn off calories
disordered eating
range of unhealthful eating behaviors used to deal with emotional issues
compulsive over eating
eating even when they are full
extreme dieting
dieting and weight loss become an obsession