What is the difference between a vitamin and a mineral?
Vitamins are taken in to use the compounds; Minerals are taken in to use the elements
What are vitamins and minerals used for?
For body parts and/or processes
What are the 2 main categories of vitamins? What difference does it make in terms of the vitamins in the body?
Fat soluble and water soluble; whether stored or not, they are easier to get to toxic level with stored ones
How many fat soluble vitamins are there?
4
How many kinds of B vitamins are there?
8
How many kinds of water soluble vitamins are there?
9
What is an antioxidant?
Provides some protection against detrimental effects of reactive form of O (free radical)
What is a free radical?
A free form of O that can react and damage body parts
What vitamin is an antioxidant?
C
How many glasses of water are you supposed to drink each day?
8
What are the early symptoms of dehydration?
Thirst, headache, fatigue, loss of appetite, dry eyes and mouth
What are the later symptoms of dehydration?
Thirst, nausea, difficulty concentrating, confusion, disorientation
What is the RDA or DV?
Daily recommended amounts (in grams or %) of nutrients
What is the UL?
Upper limit before toxicity or detriment
What is the approximate amount of calories you should have per day?
2,000
What is a legume?
Have a particular bacteria in a root structure. Ex. beans, peas, soy, lentils
How are ingredients listed on a package?
By weight (large amounts first)
What is the difference between an additive and enrichment?
Added for specific purpose like spoilage prevention and appearance; replaces what was lost in processing
What is nutrient density?
How much nutrient compared to the amount of energy provided
What does nutrient density suggest about energy versus what is used for body parts and processes?
That it is important to get both from our foods at the same time
What is the most modern form of the U.S. food pyramid?
The MyPlate
What are empty calories?
Provides energy, not other nutrients
For whom are there special needs diets?
Pregnant women, athletes, diabetics, ill people (drink lots of fluid for flu or cold
What are the 4 types of vegetarian diets?
Vegan (no animal products), vegetarian (some meat, meat products such as eggs, milk), lacto-ovo vegetarian (only eggs and milk), semi-vegetarian (just not red meat, including pork)
What is needed for vegetarian's diet?
Getting proteins, vitamins, and minerals from a variety of plants
What's the advantage of a meat-free diet?
Reduced risk of heart disease, obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure, and some types of cancer