6 dimensions of health include the following EXCEPT
dietary wellness
capacity to think critically is example of
intellectual wellness
best describes spiritual wellness
possession of set beliefs that give meaning to life
protecting yourself from exposure to toxic substances in the workplace is an example of
environmental
the three leading causes of death in the US are
heart disease, stroke, and cancer
US governments Healthy People reports
seek to achieve a better quality and quantity of life for all americans
approximately what percentage of Americans are not regularly physically active
40%
innapropiate stress management can lead to all of the following EXCEPT
decreased susceptibility to diseases
excessive alcohol consumption is NOT
just a concern for older individuals
the first step in changing a health related behavior is
identifying the target behaivor
the most effective way of dealing with disease is
medication
the three leading causes of death for young americans ages 15-24 are
accidents, homicide, suicide
in the behavioral change model, the precontemplation stage
belief that there is no need for change
the order in which the steps in a behavior change program are implemented is
monitor behavior, analyze data, set goals, devise plan, make contract
your body begins releasing endorphins, your heart rate accelerates, and your hearing and vision become more acute. You are experincing
fight or flight reaction
the term stressor is best defined as
the physical and emotional changes associated with stress
homeostasis is defined as a state in which
vital functions of the body are maintained at a normal level
the normal progression for the General Adaptation Syndrome
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
the general adaption syndrome
can either be pleasant (eustress) or unpleasant (distress)
which of the following is recommended as a time-management strategy
schedule tasks for peak efficiency
which of the following terms best fits a Type A personality
passive
which of the following terms best fits a Type B personality
contemplative
the approximate number of nutrients that have been identified as essential to human health
45
essential nutrients are best described as nutrients that
must be obtained from food because the body cant manufacture sufficient amounts of them
the amount of energy in the form of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water 1 degree Celsius
kilocalorie
protein makes up all of the following EXCEPT
adipose tissue
proteins supply the body with ---- calories of energy per gram
4
an amino acid is
protein building block
which of the following is a source of incomplete protein
nuts
fats supply the body with --- calories of energy per gram
9
the major source of fuel for the body during rest and light activity is
fats
which of the following is NOT a function of fats
form important components of blood
to control your blood cholesterol levels, the most important action you can take is to limit the amount of --- in your diet
saturated and trans fats
which of the following fats has the most health benefits
monounsaturated
the primary function of carbohydrates is to
supply energy to body cells
the recommended daily intake of fiber for women is --- grams
25
the recommended daily intake of fiber for men is --- grams
38
all of the following are examples of fat-soluble vitamins EXCEPT vitamin
B-12
part of the total adequate daily water intake, an adult female should drink about --- cups of fluid
9
part of the total adequate daily water intake, an adult male should drink about --- cups of fluid
13
which of the following nutrients does NOT supply the body with energy
vitamins
excess protein in the diet
changed into fat for energy storage
essential nutrients are produced by the body
FALSE
Taking large doses of vitamins is safe and healthy
FALSE
All vitamins are water soluble
FALSE
a diet high in dietary fiber has been shown to combat diabetes and high cholesterol levels
TRUE
Past experiences can affect behavioral responses to a particular stressor
TRUE
exercise refers to physical activity that is
planned, structured, and repetitive
the latest version of the Physical Activity and Exercise Guidelines for Americans does NOT recommend
increasing the volume and intensity of exercise for additional health benefits
which of the following is NOT a component of health-related fitness
speed
as a person's cardiorespiratory endurance increases, the
resting heart rate decreases
heart disease is linked most closely with
low cardiorespiratory fitness
muscular strength is the
amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximum effort
older adults tend to lose muscular strength due to the muscle cells
getting smaller in size
muscular endurance is the
ability to resist fatigue and to sustain a given level of muscular tension over time
flexibility is best defined as
the ability to move their joints through a full range of motion
health body composition is best characterized by
high proportion of muscle, bone, and water and an acceptable low proportion of fat
the best way to lose bod fat is through
sensible diet and regular exercise
which of the following is NOT considered a skill related fitness component
flexibility
specificity of training is best shown by which one of the following example
doing push ups to develop chest and shoulder endurance
the body adapting to a gradual increase in the amount of exercise is the definition of
progressive overload
which of the following is NOT one of the functions of the cardiorespiratory system
produce ATP
which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiorespiratory system
the brain
the portion of the circulation controlled by the right side of the heart is the --- circulation
pulmonary
the two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects before passing it to the lower chambers are called
ventricles
during systole the heart is
contracting
persons total blood volume is circulated about once every - seconds
60
a typical heart rate for a normal individual is around
60 bpm
Olympic caliber athletes may be able to increase their metabolic rate by
2000%
during digestion, most carbohydrates are broken down into
glucose
if the body's immediate need for energy is met, the remaining glucose is
converted to fat and stored in the bodys fatty tissues
adenosine triphosphate is defined as
basic form of energy used by cells
an example of an activity that primarily uses the immediate energy system is
weight lifting
the nonoxidative energy system typically provides energy for
10-120 seconds
maximal oxygen consumption is
highest rate of oxygen consumption an individual is capable of during maximum physical effort
as the result of regular endurance exercise, resting heart rate is often
10-20 beats lower
muscle fiber is
individual muscle cell
hypertrophy is defined as
increase in muscle fiber size
slow twitch muscle fibers are NOT characterized by which of the following
rapid contraction
fast twitch muscle fibers are NOT characterized by which of the following
fatigue resistance
metabolic rate increases if
fat mass decreases
what percentage of American's will have back pain in their life
85%
which of the following is NOT a result of inactivity and aging
increase in fat-free mass
people typically begin to lose muscle mass after age
30
isometric exercise is best described as applying force
without a change in length of the muscle
a muscle lengthens as it contracts during
eccentric contraction
type of isotonic exercise used by athletes during training to simulate movement during sprinting or throwing is called
...
isokinetic exercise is best describes as applying force
at a constant speed
the MINIMUM number of training days per week for gaining strength
2
to gain muscular strength and endurance for general fitness, the rest interval between sets should last
3-5 minutes
for overall fitness you should include --- different exercises in your weight training program
10-Aug
when you are ready to increase resistance for an exercise in a weight training program, approximately how much weight should you add if you are currently lifting 100 pounds
10 pounds
Flexibility is NOT determined by
mitochondria
good flexibility has NOT been shown to convey
improved body composition
which of the following is NOT a benefit of flexibility
improved energy production
the American college of sports medicine recommends performing stretching exercises at least --- days per week
2 or 3
which of the following stretching programs conforms to ACSM recommendations
3 days week, 20 second stretch,4 repetitions
in improve flexibility do
2-4 repetitions
stretching technique most commonly causes injury
ballistic
contracting a muscle prior to stretching is best described as
proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation
type of stretching requires a partner
passive
dynamic stretching
focuses on functionally based movements
essential component of safe passive stretching is
good communication with partner
disadvantage of active stretching is that it
may not produce sufficient stretch
stretching exercises should be performed
after a warm up or workout
what percentage beyond the normal range of motion should a person stretch in order to improve flexibility
20%
women have a higher proportion of essential fat than men primarily because women
breasts, uterus, and other sex-specific sites
essential fat is best defined as
fat incorporated into the organs and tissues
percentage of American's obese
30%
one possible explanation for the increase in obesity among American's over the past 40 years
increased portion size
obese people are more than three times as likely as non-obese people to develop
diabetes
subcutaneous fat is located under the skin
TRUE
the first step in developing a fitness plan is to
set goals
person with BMI of 26.5 is
overweight
example of a long term fitness goal would be
lowering your risk for heart disease
cardiorespiratory endurance is developed by doing activities that
continuous rhythmic movements of large muscle groups
recommend total duration for cardiorespiratory endurance
20-60 minutes
appropriate frequency for a cardiorespiratory endurance program
3-5 t
general strength training program includes
1 set of 8-12 repetitions
cycling the duration and intensity of workout is referred to
periodization
which consumer habits are good for purchasing environmentally friendly products
reduce the amount of trash and pollution you generate by consuming and throwing away less
---- is a mineral based compound which was widely used for fire protection and insulation in buildings until the late 1960s
asbestos
the CDC estimats that about 435,000 children under age 6 may have unsafe levels of --- in their blood
lead
#NAME?
biomagification
the fiber in diet pills
acts as a bulking agent in the large intestine and not in the stomach
prescription drugs that treat obesity
are not recommended for modest weight loss
prescription weight loss drugs are usually recommended only to people with a BMI over
30
people with body dysemorphic disorder
are at increased risk for depression and suicide
muscle dyspmorphia is characterized by
distorted body image in which individuals see themselves as small and out of shape despite being muscular
an eating disorder characterized by a refusal to eat enough food to maintain a minimally normal body weigh is
anorexia nervous
bulimia nervosa is characterized by
alternating binge eating and purging through vomiting, laxatives, or diuretics
which of the following is most closely associated with anorexia nervosa
a belief that one is overweight even when dangerously thin
which of the following is NOT characteristic of binge eating disorder
purging
which of the following is NOT a good strategy for a successful weight loss program
losing weight out of concern for how others view your appearance
body weight an body fat can be controlled by balancing calories consumed with calories expended in daily activities
TRUE
if both parents are overweight, their children are twice as likely to be overweight as children with one overweight parent
TRUE
women usually have higher metabolic rate than men
FALSE
history of weight loss reduces metabolic rate
TRUE
which of the following characteristics should be looked for in evaluating and selecting a diet book
advocacy of a balanced approach to diet plus exercise
which of the following books is most likely to contain valid weight management information
the physical activity and diet weight loss plan
which of the following groups is more likely to consume excess calories throughout the day
those who skip breakfast
adverse effects of ephedra do NOT include
lethargy
energy density is
the number of calories per ounce or gram of weight in food
which of the following patterns of eating is best for weight management
small, frequent meals, on a regular basis
how much daily physical activity is recommended for someone who is trying to maintain weight loss
60 or more minutes
persons ongoing internal comments and discussion is called
self talk
which of the following is appropriate use of food
satisfy hunger needs
a negative energy balance of ---- calories is need to produce a one pound weight loss
3500
average American's exercise --- minutes per day
15
which of the following statements about psychological and social factors in eating behavior is FALSE
changing eating patterns linked to cultural values is usually easy
example of snack low in energy density is
apple
the greater the amount of muscle mass the
higher the resting metabolic rate
which of the following elements in the energy balance equation is under individual control
energy intake from food
hormone that is linked to obesity
leptin
sine 1983 the average daily caloric intake among Americans has increased by about
18%
which of the following statements about genetic factors in obesity is true
genetic factors influence where on the body extra weight is added
resting metabolic rate is
the energy required to maintain vital body functions
which of the following is the largest component of metabolism
resting metabolism
metabolic rate is higher in
people who exercise on a regular basis
lifestyle factor which does NOT lead to successful weight management
emotional eating
controlling body weight is best accomplished by
balancing calories consumed with calories expended
number of premature deaths among Americans each year that can be attributed to inactivity and overweight is --- or higher
100,000
according to the National Institute of Health, about --- of American adults are overweight
68%
weight loss of ---of body weight is enough to reduce health risks increase life expectancy in obese individuals
5-10%
the collective interactions of humans with the environment and the short-term and long-term health consequences o those interactions
environmental health
the world population went from -- in 1930 to about -- today
2 billion; 6.8 billion
#NAME?
the rapid expansion of the population
factors that contribute to population growth do NOT include
low fertility rates
the us environmental protection agency uses a measure called the --- to indicate whether air pollution levels pose a health concern
air quality index
the air quality index is used for
carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, particular matter, and ground level ozone
increase in the earths atmospheric temperature when averaged and geographical regions is due to
greenhouse warming
#NAME?
fossil fuels
-- is/are fragile, invisible layer of atmosphere 10-30 miles above earth
ozone layer
ozone layer of the atmosphere is being destroyed primarily by
chlorofluorocarbons
which is NOT an indoor air pollutant
fossil fuels
which suggestion is NOT a good way to help reduce air pollution
allow the remainder of paint in the can to evaporate into the air when finished with paint
which suggestion is NOT a good way to help protect water supply
don't pour medication down the sink/toilet
biggest single component of household trash by weight is
paper products
process which organic substances are broken down naturally b living organisms
biodegration