Nutrition
The process by which your body takes in and uses food.
Nutrients
Substances in good that your body needs to grow, to repair itself, and to supply you with energy.
Calorie
A unit of heat used to measure the energy your body uses and the energy it receives from food
Hunger
The natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's need for food.
Appetite
The psychological desire for food
4 reasons we eat
Family and culture, friends, time and money, and advertising
3 sources of energy for the body
Carbs, proteins, and fats.
Carbs
Starches and sugars found in foods, which provide your body's main source of energy
Cal/gram
Carbs (4) fat (9) protein (4)
3 types of carbs
Simple, complex, and fiber.
Fiber
A tough complex carb that the body cannot digest
Protein
Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain it's cells and tissues
Unsaturated fat
Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds: eating these in moderate amounts may lower your risk of heart disease
Saturated fat
Meat, dairy, and plant oils; consuming too many may increase the risk of heart disease
Trans fat
Margarine, snack foods, packaged baked goods, such as cookies and crackers; higher risk than saturated fats
Cholesterol
A waxy fat like substance
Vitamins
Compounds found in good that help regulate many body processes
4 fat source vitamins
A, D, E, and K.
5 water source vitamins
B, b2, b3, b6, and b12.
Osteoporosis
A condition in which the bones become fragile and break easily
Minerals
Elements found in food that are used by the body
5 parts of the food pyramid
Grains, vegetables, fruits, milk, and proteins
Nutrient dense foods
A high ratio of nutrients to calories
Food additives
Substances added to a food to produce a desired effect
Food borne illness
Food poisoning
Pasteurization
Treating a substance with heat to kill or slow the growth of pathogens
Cross contamination
The spreading of pathogens from one food to another
Food allergy
A condition in which the body's immune system reacts to substances in some foods
Food intolerance
A negative reaction to food that doesn't involve the immune system
Anaphylaxis
A condition in which the throat swells up an the heart has difficulty pumping
Water
The body's most important nutrient
Empty calories
Calories with no nutritional value
Celiac disease
A reaction to grain
Lactose intolerance
Body's inability to break down lactose