vaccine
substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and introduced into a body to produce immunity
pathogen
a disease causing agent
bacteria
tiny, single-celled organisms, some of which can cause disease
virus
a tiny disease-causing particle that consists of genetic material and a protein coat
fungus
organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue
antibiotic
chemical that kills bacteria or slows their growth without harming body cells.
white blood cells
blood cells whose primary job is to defend the body against disease
inflammation
the reaction of the tissues to injurious agents, usually characterized by heat, redness, swelling, and pain
antibiotic resistance
a condition in which a bacterium no longer is affected or killed by an antibiotic
communicable disease
a disease that can be spread from one person or species to another.
immunity
body's ability to destroy pathogens that it has previously encountered
tetanus
a disease caused by bacteria most commonly found in soil
symptom
any change in the body or its functioning that indicates the presence of disease
immune system
your body's last and most complicated line of defense against infection
physical barriers
skin and mucous membranes
long term strategies for preventing disease
protect yourself, eat a balanced diet, avoid close contact with sick people, drink water, reduce stress levels, exercise regularly, and get enough sleep
examples of communicable diseases
flu, cold, mumps, tetanus, salmonellosis, measles, and mono
salmonella
usually found in poultry, eggs, and meat
ringworm and athletes foot are caused by...
fungal infections
acids in sweat and in the stomach can kill which pathogen?
bacteria
which disease has no vaccine?
cold
infectious diseases can be spread...
person to person, food and water, environment, and animals and insects
types of pathogens
bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoans, and parasites
angioplasty
doctor inserts tube with a balloon at the top into a blood vessel in the patients leg and the tube is guided through vessels into a blocked artery and then inflated
asbestos
cancer causing agent found in building materials
benign tumor
abnormal, but usually a harmless cell mass
stroke
a sudden attack of weakness or paralysis that occurs when blood flow to an area of the brain is interrupted
smoking
cause of cancer and also a risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases
lifestyle disease
a disease that is caused partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other factors
atherosclerosis
a disease characterized by the buildup of fatty materials in the inside walls of the arteries
coronary arteries
cover the heart
high blood pressure
a type of cardiovascular disease - condition in which there is a higher than normal amount of stress on the walls of the blood vessels
cancer
a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth
artificial pacemaker
small battery powered device that stimulates the heart to contract
malignant tumor
a mass of cells that invaded and destroys healthy tissue
leukemia
form of cancer that affects the tissues that produce blood
EKG
a test to detect cardiovascular disease
cystic fibrosis, down's syndrome, huntington's disease, sickle cell anemia
hereditary diseases are caused by abnormal chromosomes or by defective genes inherited from one or both parents
AIDS, SCID, allergies, asthma
immune disorders occur when the immune system does not function properly
arthritis, multiple sclerosis
autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system attacks the cells of the body that the immune system normally protects