Counseling Theories Final

places central importance on encouragement and community feeling

Adlerian Therapy

People experience feelings of anxiety and despair due largely to their irrational thinking

Cognitive-behavior therapy

Tendency to become fully functioning and to move toward openness, trust in self, spontaneity, and inner directedness

Person-centered therapy

application of existential therapy to family systems?

Symbolic-experiential family therapy

The person's quality world is explored in which approach?

Reality therapy

Clients are viewed from a systemic perspective.

Family therapy

Skillful use of questioning is central to

Solution-focused therapy

People are shaped and determined by their environment, and behavior is learned via conditioning.

Behavior therapy

emphasizes personal responsibility, unfinished business, avoidance, direct experiencing in the here-and-now, and awareness.

Gestalt therapy

focused on overt behavior, precision in specifying treatment goals, developing specific treatment plans, and assessing results

Behavior therapy

________________ goal is eliminating maladaptive behavior patterns through employing techniques of acceptance and commitment to change.

Behavior therapy

stresses self-evaluation of behavior, personal responsibility, total behavior, and commitment to change?

Reality therapy

Faulty personality development results from inadequate resolution of some specific stage of psychosexual development.

Psychoanalytic therapy

This sociocultural therapeutic movement stresses an egalitarian therapeutic relationship and views the client as an expert on his or her own life.

Feminist therapy

suggests that mindfulness-based techniques are useful in stress reduction?

Behavior therapy

Behavior is determined by unconscious forces, early experiences, and by sexual and aggressive impulses.

Psychoanalytic therapy

another term for Adlerian therapy

Individual psychology

terms or phrases that are likely to be used by an existential therapist?

Systematic desensitization

most important variable related to therapeutic progress

The client/therapist relationship

general orientation to therapy is a form of the Gestalt approach

Existential

behavioral technique would be most appropriate for people who experience difficulty in expressing what they think and feel

Assertion training

What is dream analysis, in psychoanalytic therapy?

Involves free association
Discloses a person's unconscious wishes, needs, and fears,
Gives insight into areas of unresolved problems

therapy suggests that people are determined by early childhood experiences

Psychoanalytic

associated with the object-relations approach

Anna Freud,
Otto Kernberg,
Margaret Mahler,
Heinz Kohut

private logic" refers to

Self, others, and life that constitute the philosophy on which one's lifestyle is based.

key elements of the process of in vivo exposure

1. A brief, graduated series of exposures to feared events
2. A functional analysis of objects or situations a person avoids or fears
3. The generation of a hierarchy of situations for the client to encounter

Gestalt therapist most likely ask a client, if the client were to indicate an interest in exploring some traumatic childhood experience

To relieve the experiences as though it were taking place now

key concepts of Adlerian Therapy?

1. Fictional finalism
2. Social interest
3. Striving for significance and superiority

What does self psychology and object-relations theory suggests?

Differentiation between and integration of the self and others;
Influence of critical factors in early development on later development.

How is anxiety viewed in existential therapy?

human existence

Multimodal therapy stresses technical eclecticism.

TRUE

techniques that Adlerian would use

1. Advice
2. Lifestyle assessment
3. Paradoxical intention
4. Early recollections

Person-centered therapists believe about change?

Change cannot occur without a growth promoting climate

behavioral techniques

Acceptance, systematic desensitization, coaching, & stress-management training

characteristics of dialectical behavior therapy

Group therapy, exploration of early childhood traumas, and mindfulness

What is most important in understanding how individuals construct their lives, in social constructionism.

Gender awareness,
cultural perspectives,
developmental processes,
dominant narratives

The narrative approach is associated with techniques of ...

externalization and developing unique events.

_______ is based on the notion that our choices are at the root of our psychological distress

Current reality therapy

Who are associated with solution-focused therapy?

Michelle Weiner-Davis,
Steve de Shazer,
Insoo Kim Berg

Helping clients construct a preferred story line

Narrative therapists

Family sculpting is a technique of _______.

Satir

Getting involved with the client and connecting is the ...

first phase in the practice of reality therapy

People are moved by inner forces

Contemporary reality therapy

_______ believes that change occurs when we recognize and act on the reality that our behavior is the result of our choices.

Glasser

_______ assert that "neurotic" and "psychotic" conduct is behavior we choose as a way of attempting to control our world.

Reality therapists

Second-order cybernetics,

the family practitioner becomes part of the family system and just by being present with the family changes it

Second-order cybernetics

Feminist and postmodern models of family therapy.

Paving the way for gender-sensitive practice is..

a major contribution feminists have made to the field of counseling.

constructs of feminist theory.

Being flexible,
life-span-oriented,
interactionist,
gender-neutral

Structural family therapy is important in ...

assessing the appropriateness of hierarchical structure in the family.

are internalizations of the gender roles perpetuated in a sexist society. (Very young children develop gender schemas)

Gender schemas

When a therapist works from a systemic point of view they would use a ______ to explore the functioning of a client's family of origin.

genogram.

the techniques in CBT,

are emphasized, but not considered exclusively responsible for creating change.

Experiential/symbolic family therapy

applies concepts of existential therapy to a family systems approach.

________________ calls for feminist theory to include an analysis of multiple identities and their relationship to oppression.

Lesbian feminism

___________ would be least likely to use, explore problems transmitted from generation to generation as techniques, when working with clients.

Solution-focused therapists

super reasonable" was used by Virginia Satir

to describe a position that is adopted to maintain control of one's messy or painful emotions.

_________ uses reframing as a technique that casts a new light on a problem and provides a different interpretation of a problematic situation

Family therapy

Creating an empowering community for those who have traditionally been denied political power,

feminist therapy.

creating a supportive environment for women to discuss women's issues and creating a place to explore political action

feminist therapy.

Mistaken goals of parents and children lead to repetitive, negative interaction patterns is essential

Adlerian approach to family therapy.

Cognitive behavior therapy may be complicated for diverse clients because

a culturally appropriate schema could be interpreted as irrational by the therapist.

multilayered approach to family therapy.

Facilitating change,
conducting an assessment,
forming a relationship,
hypothesizing and sharing meaning

A parent and his/her grown-up kid has created a caring relationship in which neither one can discriminate their own exclusive beliefs from those of the other

Enmeshment

According to ________ we develop emotional and behavioral problems because we hold irrational expectations for ourselves and others.

Ellis

_______ specialized in cognitive therapy with depression.

A. T. Beck

stress-inoculation training.

Donald Meichenbaum

________ works by activating clients' own motivation for change and adherence to treatment.

Motivational Interviewing.