Social learning approach/social cognitive therapy
Theory: behavior best understood by taking into consideration social conditions under which learning occurs
-the environmental events on behavior are mainly determined by cognitive processes governing how environmental influences are perceived by an indiv
Social skills training
deals with an individuals's ability to interact effectively with others in various social situations
helps clients achieve and develop social skills interpersonal competence
ex; anger management training ,
Systematic desensitization
exposing the client to anxiety arousing situations to bring the client to point where stimulus no longer brings a response
exposure therapy
treating phobias
3 Step-Process
1. relaxation training
2. development of a graduated anxiety hierarchy-ranking anxi
Behavior Therapy Technique
-cognitive therapy
-social skills training
-relaxation training
-mindfulness
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A-B-C Model
Behavior is influenced by antecedents and followed by consequences
Antecedents- Behavior-Consequences
Acceptance
Receiving present experience without judgment/preference, rather curiosity/gentleness and striving for full awareness of present moment.
Acceptance and commitment therapy
Mindfulness program encourages clients to accept unpleasant situations rather than attempt to change unpleasant situations
Anger Management Training
Social skills program for people who have aggressive behavior
Antecedent events
Events that cue or elicit certain behaviors
Applied Behavioral analysis
Behavior modification; seeks to understand causes of behavior, changing antecedents and consequences
Assessment Interview
Questioning that enables therapist to identify antecedent and consequent events that influence/ are a part of the individuals behavior pattern
BASIC I.D.
Personality can be understood by assessing seven areas of functioning :
B: Behavior
A: Affective responses
S: Sensations
I: Images
C: Cognitiona
I: interpersonal relationships
D: Drugs/ biological functions
Behavior Modification
Therapeutic approach that deals with analyzing and modifying Behavior
Behavior rehearsal
Technique consisting of trying out in new behaviors within therapy that are to be used in everyday situations.
Behavior therapy
Application of diverse techniques supported by empirical evidence to change behavior
-focus on direct observable bx,
-current determinants of bx,
-learning experiences that promote change
Four Areas of Development
1. classical conditioning
2. Operant cond
Behavioral analysis
Identifying maintaining conditions by systematically gathering information about situational antecedents, the dimensions of the problem behavior, and the consequences of the problem
Behavioral assessment interview
the therapist's task is to identify the particular antecedent and consequence events that influence, or are functionally related to, an individual's behavior
Classical conditioning
refers to what happens prior to learning that creates a response through pairing
Neutral stimulus paired with response. Stimulus eventually can elicit response. Dinner bell example
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Blend of cognitive and behavioral methods.
CBT operates on the assumption that what people believe influences how they act and feel
Cognitive behavioral coping skills therapy
Procedures aimed at teaching clients specific skills to deal effectively with problematic situations.
Cognitive processes
Internal events such as thoughts beliefs perceptions and self statements
Consequences
Events that take place as a result of specific behavior being formed, executed
-events that maintain a behavior in some way, either by increasing or decreasing it
Contingency contracting
Written agreement between client and someone that specifies relationship between performing target behaviors and their consequences
Dialetical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
Blend of behavioral and psychoanalytic designed to treat borderline personality disorder/ chronically suicidal individuals
four modules-
mindfulness,
interpersonal effectiveness-learn how to say no
emotional regulation-identifying obstacles to changing em
Evidence-bases treatments
Therapeutic interventions that have empirical evidence support
Exposure therapies
through imagination or Live exposure
Treatment for fears and other negative emotional responses by exposing person to the stimuli they are afraid of
one time of exposure therapy is desensitization
Extinction
Refers to withholding reinforcement from a previously reinforced response. The result is a decrease in frequency of of the behavior in future
-parents stop reinforcing tantrums
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing
a form of exposure theray
based on involving imaginal flooding, cognitive restructuring, and the use of rhythmic eye movements and other stimulation to treat traumatic stress disorders and fearful memories
EMDR- is an integrative psychotherapeutic approac
Flooding
Exposure to anxious stimuli for a prolonged period of time. Clients are prevented from engaging in maladaptive response
In vivo flooding--consists of intense or prolonged exposure to the actual anxiety-producing stimuli
Imaginal flooding-client's imaginat
Functional assesment
Evaluating and diagnosing antecedents and consequences associated with the occurrence of behavior.
Interpersonal effectiveness
Learning to ask for what one needs, being able to say no. While maintaining self respect and relationships with others
In vivo exposure
involves client exposure to the actual anxiety-evoking events rather than simply imagining these situations. Live exposure ex: touch the bulldog or go inside the elevators
Flooding
Intense and prolonged exposure to the actual anxiety-producing stimuli
can be in vivo or imagined
Mindfullness
clients train themselves to intentionally focus on their present experience with acceptance
learn to live in the moment to moment
teaches individuals to be aware of an accept the world as it is and to respond to each moment effectively
Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT)
Integration of of the principles and skills of mindfulness to treat depression
teaches cognitive behavioral skills to clients
primary aim is to change clients awareness of and relation to their negative thoughts
Mindfulness based stress reduction
Program applies mindfulness techniques to coping with stress and promoting physical, mental health.
helping to teach people to live in the present rather than ruminating about the past or being overly concerned about the future
Modeling
Learning thru observation, imitation
Negative punishment
Reinforcing stimulus removed following the behavior to decrease frequency of a target behavior: deducting money from workers
Multimodal therapy
comprehensive, systematic, holistic approach to behavior therapy multitude of treatment strategies be used in bringing about change
grounded in social cognitive learning theory
encourages technical eclecticism -applies diverse behavioral technique from a
Negative reinforcement
avoidance of aversive stimuli
Removing negative stimulus following when desired behavior occurs. ex: ex one wakes up before the annoying sound of alarm
Operant conditioning
Negative, positive reinforcement
type of learning in which behaviors are influenced by the consequences that follow them
Positive Reinforcement
Individual receives praise, attention, money or food for consequence of behavior (rewarding)
Positive punishment
Averse stimulus added after behavior to decrease frequency of behavior
Progressive muscle relaxation
Stress coping mechanism focused on both muscle and mental relaxation
Punishment
aversive control, decrease targeted behavior
Reinforcement
increase target behavior
Self compassion
Being understanding toward ourselves, anti self defeating thoughts
Self directed behavior
People can change own behavior and be agent of change
Self efficacy
Individuals belief that they can master a situation, bring about desired change
Self management
teaching clients coping skills
teaching clients how to
select realistic goals,
how to translate those goals into target behavior,
way to self-monitor
how to created an action plan for change, and
evaluate their actions
Self-modification
Collection of strategies based on idea that change can happen by teaching coping skills
Self monitoring
Observing ones behavior patterns, social interactions
Social effectiveness training
Multifaceted treatment program designed to reduce social anxiety, improve interpersonal skills, and increase range of enjoyable social activities.