Feminist, multicultural, and postmodern therapists are extremely aware of the power they have entering into already established systems, and they work to promote understanding through curiosity and interest rather than through formal assessments.
True
Understanding family process is almost always facilitated by "how" questions.
True
Assessment is not considered useful in the family systems perspective.?
False
Family therapists are wise to consider Western models of family functioning universal.
False
Families are multilayered systems that both affect and are affected by the larger systems in which they are embedded.?
True
Family systems therapy can be used when working with individual clients.
True
Family systems therapy is represented by a variety of theories and approaches, all of which focus on the relational aspects of human problems.?
True
There is a trend in the field of family therapy toward rejecting an integrative model of practice.
False
Bowenian therapists function in ways to bring about change through action-oriented directives and paradoxical interventions.
False
Like cognitive therapy, strengths-based CBT is empirically based.?
True
Ellis claims that his methods are applicable to individual therapy but that his approach does not work well in group therapy
False
Bibliotherapeutic approaches have empirical support for the treatment of depression, for a variety of anxiety disorders, and for a range of clinical problems.?
True
Cognitive behavioral group therapy stresses the importance of homework outside of the therapy session.?
True
Strengths-based CBT is a variant of Albert Ellis' REBT
False
?Donald Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification shares with REBT and Beck's cognitive therapy the assumption that distressing emotions are often the result of maladaptive thoughts.
True
According to Ellis, events themselves do not cause emotional disturbances; rather it is our evaluation of these events that causes the problem.?
True
REBT hypothesizes that we keep ourselves emotionally disturbed by the process of self-indoctrination
True
One of Beck's early contributions was to recognize that regardless of the cause of depression, once people became depressed, their thinking reflected what Beck referred to as the negative cognitive triad: negative views of the self, the world, and the fut
True
There is not a very good fit between cognitive behavior therapy and multicultural therapy
False
Part of Ellis's motivation for developing REBT was to deal with his own problems.?
True
. The cognitive behavioral therapies are largely based on the idea that the reorganization of clients' selfstatements is a key to changing their behavior.?
True
There is no concept in REBT that in any way agrees with Rogers's idea of unconditional positive regard
False
Rational emotive imagery involves behavior change only.?
False
Cognitive therapy can be effectively employed in crisis intervention.?
True
During strengths-based CBT therapy, clients often discover that they use less resilient strategies when they encounter obstacles in areas of positive interest than they do in problem areas of their life.?
False
Beck's therapeutic approach originally focused on specific symptoms of depressed clients and the reasons they give for these symptoms.?
True
Since humor shows the absurdity of certain ideas that clients steadfastly maintain, it is always inappropriate to use in sessions as it might be perceived as offensive
False
Stress inoculation is a copingskills approach designed to change a person's selfstatements.?
True
Clients learn that "musts," "oughts," and absolute "shoulds" can be replaced by preferences in REBT.?
True
Donald Meichenbaum's cognitive behavior modification focuses on changing a client's selftalk.?
True
All of the cognitive behavioral approaches share the same basic characteristics and assumptions as traditional behavior therapy.?
True
In family therapy contexts, cognitive behavior therapists are particularly interested in family schema.
True
According to Beck, selective abstraction is clients taking all the details of an event and using this information to reinforce negative schemas and support their maladaptive core beliefs.?
False
Magnification and minimization consist of perceiving a case or situation in a greater or lesser light than it truly deserves.?
True
A goal of REBT is to assist clients in the process of achieving conditional self-acceptance, conditional other acceptance, and conditional life-acceptance.?
False
Meichenbaum's self?instructional training focuses on helping clients become aware of their self?talk and the stories they tell about themselves.?
True
?Albert Bandura is credited with originally developing the progressive relaxation procedure.
False
Systematic desensitization typically includes the use of relaxation procedures.?
True
A criticism of behavior therapy is that it treats symptoms rather than causes problems.?
True
Modeling is a form of systematic desensitization.
False
The third generation (or "third wave") of behavior therapy emphasizes considerations that were considered off limits for behavior therapists until recently.?
True
Modeling methods have been used in treating people with anger management issues and in teaching new behaviors to children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
True
A trend in contemporary behavior therapy is the increased emphasis on the role of thinking in behavior.
True
In regards to third-generation behavior therapies, one of the core themes is creating a life worth living.?
True
?A behavior therapist makes use of the technique of open-ended questioning for the purpose of obtaining important information related to the client's problem.
True
Albert Bandura is directly responsible for promoting the "third wave" of behavior therapy. ?
False
Mindfulness involves judgment and careful evaluation of one's thoughts.?
False
Third-generation behavior therapies center around five interrelated core themes.?
True
Behavior therapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of chronic pain.
True
There is no place for the role of thinking process and attitudes in contemporary behavior therapy.?
False
Behavior therapy has undergone important changes and has expanded considerably.?
True
Dialectical behavior therapy integrates behavioral techniques with psychoanalytic concepts and mindfulness training of Eastern psychological and spiritual practices.?
True
Behavior therapists believe that insight is not a necessary condition for behavior change to occur.?
True
In mindfulness practice, clients train themselves to intentionally focus on their "past experience with acceptance."?
False
Through mindfulness exercises, veterans may be better able to observe repetitive negative thinking and prevent extensive engagement with maladaptive ruminative processes.?
True
Evidence-based therapies are a hallmark of both behavior therapy and cognitive behavior therapy.?
True
Dialectical behavior therapy requires both individual and group treatment.?
True
Behavior therapy groups employ a long-term treatment model.?
False
Acceptance and commitment therapy is an example of a mindfulness based approach.?
True
Mindfulness shows promise across a broad range of clinical problems, including the treatment of depression, anxiety disorders, relationship problems, substance abuse, and psychophysiological disorders. ?
True
There is little empirical support for acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT).?
False
Behavior therapy practitioners focus on directly observable behavior, current determinants of behavior, learning experiences that promote change, tailoring treatment strategies to individual clients, and rigorous assessment and evaluation.?
True
Acceptance is one of the third?generation behavior therapies' five interrelated core themes.?
False
In acceptance and commitment therapy, values are a basic part; however, the work does not depend on what an individual wants and values.?
False
Progressive muscle relaxation has become increasingly popular as a method of teaching people to cope with stresses produced by daily living.?
True
Many therapeutic approaches are incorporating mindfulness and meditation, as well as other contemplative practices, in the counseling process.?
True
Reality therapists believe in a generational basis for mental illness.
False
Reality therapy is not well-suited to group counseling.?
False
Reality therapy cautions against the therapist mentoring the client.?
False
Glasser believes the need to love and to belong are secondary needs.?
False
Most recently, reality therapy has been applied to management and supervision, coaching, family therapy, and parenting. It is now taught and embedded in every continent except Antarctica.?
True
One of the procedures of reality therapy is to work through unfinished business from the past.?
False
Glasser took the position that schools needed to be structured in ways to help students achieve a success identity as opposed to a failure identity.?
True
Reality therapists see therapeutic value in working with a client's dreams.?
False
Reality therapists ask clients to take a hard look at whether their current actions are working for them.?
True
Reality therapy sees transference as a way for the therapist to avoid getting personally involved in the clients' lives.?
True
The core of reality therapy is developing a plan for change as a way of translating talk into action.?
True
The first step in the process of reality therapy consists of a comprehensive assessment leading to a specific diagnosis.?
False
Commitment puts the responsibility directly on clients for changing.?
True
Reality therapists refuse to accept excuses.?
True
Reality therapists use punishment as a way to help clients follow through with their plans and commitments.?
False
Reality therapy tends to be a long-term approach.?
False
Reality therapy is a popular approach in correctional work.?
True
It is essential for the therapist to establish a satisfying relationship with clients as a prerequisite for effective therapy. Once this relationship is developed, the skill of the therapist as listener and teacher assumes a central role
True
Reality therapists see clients as being responsible for their own choices as they have more control of their behavior than they often believe
True
Choice theory is based on the assumption that people are in charge of their own destiny
True
Reality therapists maintain that clients will not change unless they assume a self-critical attitude
False
Clients are expected to focus on their feelings and attitudes, and then their behavior will change
False
Glasser recommends that therapists look back for the causes of a client's present failures.?
False
A main function of the reality therapist is to encourage clients to assess their behavior to determine how well it is working for them
True
Reality therapy is often used in treating drug and alcohol abusers
True
It is the job of the reality therapist to convey the idea that no matter how bad things are there is hope
True
The SAMIC3 plan is an essential part of the evaluation phase of the WDEP system
False
Robert Wubbolding stresses the importance of a supportive and challenging therapeutic environment.?
True
Reality therapy is an open system that allows for flexibility in application based on the needs of culturally diverse individuals.?
True
Addressing what clients are presently doing and asking clients to evaluate what they want to change fits well in various settings.?
True
Feminist therapy is not static, but is continually evolving.?
True
Feminist therapists do not tend to engage in self-disclosure because of their concern over unduly influencing the client.
False
By considering contextual variables, symptoms are reframed as survival strategies
True
The contemporary version of feminist therapy and the multicultural and social justice perspectives to counseling practice have a great deal in common.?
True
Feminist therapists restrict their practices to women clients
False
Feminist therapists avoid sharing their values with clients in order to reduce the chance of value imposition
False
Feminist therapists work to demystify the counseling relationship
True
Bibliotherapy is frequently used in feminist therapy.
True
Feminist therapy incorporates techniques from many of the various traditional approaches.
True
Therapists aim to lessen the suffering caused by disconnection and isolation, increase clients' capacity for relational resilience, develop mutual empathy and mutual empowerment, and foster social justice.
True
It is possible to incorporate the principle of feminist therapy with a multicultural perspective.
True
A feminist therapist generally does not expect the client to assume responsibility for making internal or external changes.?
False
According to feminist therapists, an intrapsychic orientation tends to result in blaming the victim.
True
A distinctive feature of feminist therapy is the assumption that direct action for social change is one of the responsibilities of therapists.?
True
An androcentric theory uses female-oriented constructs to draw conclusions about human nature.?
False
Diagnoses are based on the dominant culture's view of normalcy and therefore cannot account for cultural differences.?
True
A distinctive feature of feminist therapy is the assumption that direct action for social change is one of the responsibilities of therapists.
True
Feminist therapists emphasize that societal gender role expectations profoundly influence a person's identity from birth and become deeply ingrained in adult personality.
True
According to the relational-cultural model, a woman's sense of self depends largely on how she connects with others.?
True
In feminist therapy, adjustment rather than transcendence is a primary goal of therapy.
False
Today's feminists believe that gender can be considered separately from other identity areas such as race, ethnicity, class, and sexual orientation.?
False
The contemporary version of feminist therapy and the multicultural and social justice approaches to counseling practice have a great deal in common.
True
Making oppression transparent is the first step in feminist therapy, but the ultimate goal is to replace sexism and other forms of discrimination and oppression with empowerment for all marginalized groups.
True
The beginnings of feminism can be traced to the late 1800s, but it is the women's movement of the 1960s that laid the foundation for the development of feminist therapy.?
True
While most feminist therapists believe that gender is always an important factor, they realize that ethnicity, sexual orientation, and class may be more important factors in certain situations for many women.
True
Empowerment is a central tenet of feminist psychotherapy.
True
Feminist therapy is a technically integrative approach that emphasizes the analysis of gender, power, and social location as strategies for facilitating change.
True
Historically, feminist psychotherapy groups were a vehicle for consciousness-raising.?
True
Feminist group work uses a structured approach and focuses on the use of techniques.
False
Theories and techniques are based on the lives and experiences of individuals (lived experiences) as well as research supporting gender and other inequities.
True
Narrative therapy has been effectively applied in school settings.?
True
SFBT is an optimistic, antideterministic, future-oriented approach based on the assumption that clients have the ability to change quickly and can create a problem-free language as they strive for a new reality.
True
The use of techniques is fundamental in narrative therapy.?
False
A key theme of SFBT is, when you know what is working, do more of it. If something is not working, try something different.?
True
Narrative therapists pay significant attention to a client's past as it helps them understand the origins of client's stories.?
False
In solution-focused therapy, exceptions represent instances when a particular problem in a client's life was not prominent.
True
The solution-focused approach was originally designed as a brief model of psychotherapy.?
True
The main goal of brief therapy is to help clients efficiently resolve problems and to move forward as quickly as possible
True
In solution-focused brief therapy, the role of the client is to create, explore, and co-author his or her evolving story.
True
Without the cultural conditions that accept the concept of depression, talking about a person as depressed would mean nothing.?
True
Solution-focused brief therapy differs from traditional therapies by eschewing the past in favor of both the present and the future.?
True
Assessment and therapy techniques are more important than empathy to a social constructionist
False
In postmodern thinking, language and the use of language in stories create meaning.?
True
The linguistic approach stresses the expert role of the therapist in suggesting solutions to a family's problems.
False
Narrative therapy is a strengths-based approach that emphasizes collaboration between client and therapist to help clients view themselves as empowered and living the way they want.?
True
Even science is not free from the influence of such processes of social construction.?
True
Solution-focused therapists often use scaling questions.?
True
Modernists believe in the ability to describe objective reality accurately and assume that it can be observed and systematically known through the scientific method.
True
In solution-focused therapy, behavior change is viewed as the most effective approach to assisting people in enhancing their lives.?
True
In social constructionism, the therapist assumes the role of expert, rather than adopting a collaborative or consultative stance.
False
Externalizing conversations counteract oppressive, problem-saturated stories and empower clients to feel competent to handle the problems they face.?
True
Solution-focused brief therapy is grounded on the optimistic assumption that people are healthy and competent and have the ability to construct solutions that can enhance their lives.
True
Clients are never stuck in a pattern of living a problem-saturated story that does not work.?
False
The narrative emphasis on creating an appreciative audience for new developments in an individual's life lends itself to group counseling.?
True
All social constructionist theories emphasize listening to clients without judgment or blame, affirming and valuing them.?
True
Bowen's multigenerational approach stresses techniques more than it does theory.?
False
Family systems therapy represents a paradigm shift that is sometimes called "the fourth force."?
True
One of the key contributions of most systemic approaches is that neither the individual nor the family is blamed for a particular dysfunction.
True
The goal of Bowen's multigenerational family therapy is to understand one's family of origin issues and to differentiate self within a system.
True
The cornerstone of Bowen's theory is differentiation of self.
True
Some family therapists focus primarily on the nuclear family, which is based on Western notions, and this could clearly be a shortcoming in working with clients in extended families.
True
Interventions used by the structural-strategic approaches include joining, boundary setting, unbalancing, and reframing.
True
Satir's human validation model focuses on functional versus dysfunctional communication in families.
True
Because Bowen's multigenerational approach looks at families from a threegenerational perspective, the therapist is mainly interested in past happenings and does not pay much attention to present issues.
False
Minuchin's structuralstrategic therapy is based on the notion that an individual's symptoms are best understood from the vantage point of interactional patterns within a family, and that structural changes must occur in a family before an individual's sym
True
Structural-strategic family therapy deals with boundaries.?
True
The goal of structural-strategic family therapy is to break down any hierarchical structure and replace it with equal relationships among all family members.
False
Structural-strategic family therapists limit their interventions to families alone.
False
Minuchin's approach to therapy is geared more toward insight, rather than taking action.
False
Structural-strategic family therapy has its foundation in behavioral theory.
False
Structural-strategic family therapists do not generally deal with the presenting problem; rather, they focus on the underlying symptom of a dysfunctional system.?
False
The focus of structural-strategic family therapy is on growth and resolving historical conflicts in a family rather than on dealing with present problems of a family.?
False
The process of differentiation occurs in most cultures, but it takes on a different shape due to cultural norms.
True
The role of the family therapist involves being in charge of the session.
True
Strategic therapists do not rely on therapy techniques to bring about change but instead give more stress to the therapist's relationship with a family.?
False
Minuchin and other structural family therapists initiated their work with wealthy suburban clients.
False