Psychoanalytic (who)
Freud, Erickson, Jung
Psychoanalytic theory
reconstruct the personality rather then solve immediate problems; focus on the past and analyze aspects of the unconscious that are manifested in present behavior
stages of psychosexual development
oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
neurotic personality development
incomplete resolution of one of the stages of psychosexual development
free association
{psychoanalytic} permitting the client to say whatever comes to mind in order to reveal the unconscious
interpreation
pSYCHOANALYTIC} the process of analyzing the material that the cleint reveals from the unconscious
dream analysis
{psychoanalytic} sharing the cleints dreams and then free association to parts and symbols in the dream
contributions to freuds theory
1st theory, framework for exploring a persons hx, resolving resistance to therapy
analysis & interpretation resistance or transference
{psychoanalytic} therapist interprets to the client the significance of resistance or transference
limitations freuds theory
prolonged training, lengthy perios of therapy, importance of action is not realized, not measurable, does not take into account, social, cultural, and interpersonal variables, cannot be used in crisis counseling
who developed the 8 stages of life in his psychosocial theory
erickson
id
pleasure principle
ego
mediator
super ego
morals perfection
countertransferance
therapist reaction toward the interferances with objectivity, usually a result of a need of the therapist
personality disorder
ind. fails to adequately dev in the separation-indivudation phase, instibility, irritability, self-destruction, impulsive anger, extreme mood shifts.
projection
client attributes to others the qualities that are unacceptable in his/her personality
transference
clt is angry and takes it out on the clr
adlerian therapy
psychosocial =learn about attitude toward life-main goal is confronting basic mistakes and assumption the clt holds and attempting to redirect them
lifestyle assessment
main tool of the adlerian theory, questionairre about the clt's family, memories, freams, and self-concepts, explores birth oprder and interaction
therapist role in adlerian therapy
a guide, responsibility is placed on the cleint a contract may be completed
contribution of adler's therapy
started other humanistic theories, influential on the cognitive-behavioral theories, family therapies and mental health and those culturally diverse.
limitations of adler's theory
inability to validate concepts, oversimplication of complex human functioning
avoiding trap
{adlerian} avoiding reinforcing destructive clt behavior
life style
{adlerian} the way in which one copes with life
founder of rational-emotive therapy
ELLIS
Cognitive-behavioral therapists
CLTS explore reasons for their behavior and seek to understand the ramifications of such behavior
key concept of RET
even though emotional malfunction is rooted in childhood and continues to reinforce themselves in irrational and illogical thinking
the approach that serves for the basis for RET
ABC
ABhelp clts to recognize and discard self-defeating thinking and correct C
Actual event, belief system, consequesnces
goal of becks approach
help clts to recognize and discard self-defeating thinking and correct erronenous beliefs.
CBT is used for
depression, anxiety, and phobic behavior
limitations of CBT
reason for irrational beliefs is not explored, Clt of low intelligence might not understand dialogue, clr could impose personal views, emotional issues are not explored
existential therapy
relationship oriented, experiential and philosophical, focuses on freedom, isolation, death, and meaninglessness
assumption of existential therapy
we are free and therefore responsible for our actions and the results of those actions and choices, authors of our lives not the vicims of circumstances
goals of existential therapy
help clt become aware they are free to expand this awareness to increase options on the basis of their freedom to choose other options, accept responsibility of those choices to recognize the factors that hinder their freedom to choose, and become all the
existential therapist
frankly, yalom may
limitations of existential therapy
lack of systematic concepts are difficult to conprehend, no scientific research, lower functioning clts, those in crisis, and others may not benefit
founder of person centered therapy
carl rogers
assumption of person centered`
ind have internal resources to work toward wholeness and self actualization and can move forward constructively on their own
goal of person centered
create an atmosphere of safety and trust enabling the clt