All of the following are concepts developed by Carl Jung except
a. the shadow
b.normal infantile autism
c. animus and anima
d. collective unconscious
e. archetypes
b. normal infantile autism
Which one of Erikson's preschool-age phase responds to which Freudian phase?
c. phallic
Children who do not experience the opportunity to differentiate self from others may later develop a
narcissistic personality disorder
Analytic therapy is oriented toward
achieving insight
The psychosocial perspective is compatible with the
psychosexual view point
In object-relations theory there is an emphasis on early development as decisive factor influencing
later development
What is a characteristic of the newer analytic thinking?
People are classified as complaint, aggressive or detached types
Object-relations theorists focus on _____, _____, ______and ______.
symbiosis
separation
differentiation
integration
Countertransference refers to
irrational reactions therapists have toward their clients
Maintaing the analytic framework" refers to
-Whole range of procedural factors in the treatment process
-Analyst's relative anonymity
-Agreement on the payment of fees
-Regularity and consistency of meetings
In psychoanalytic therapy(as opposed to classical analysis), what procedure is least likely to be used?
the client lying on the couch
The contemporary trends in pscyhoanalytic theory are reflected in ________, _______, and the relational model.
object-relations theory
the self pyschology model
the relational model
The contemporary psychoanalytic approaches place emphasis on the _____, _____ and ______, and _______.
unconscious
role of transference and countertransference
importance of early childhood experienes
Ego-defense mechanisms
intrapsychic processes that operate unconsciously to protect the person from threatening and, therefore, anxiety-producing thoughts, feelings, impulses
THE ID
The Demanding Child
Ruled by pleasure principle
The Ego
The Traffic Cop
Ruled by reality principle
The Superego
The Judge
Ruled by the moral principle
Conscious:
What's on the surface
ex: logic, reality
Unconscious
What lies deep, below the surface
ex: drives, instincts
3 types of anxiety:
1. Reality Anxiety
2. Neurotic Anxiety
3. Moral Anxiety
Anxiety
-Feeling of dread resulting from repressed feelings, memories and desires
-Develops out of conflict among the id, ego and superego to control psychic energy
The Unconscious
-Dreams
- Slips of the tongue
-Posthypnotic suggestions
-Material dervied from free-association
-Material derived from projective techniques
-Symbolic content of psychotic symptoms
NOTE: consciousness is only a thin slice of the total mind
Resistance
Anything that works against progress of therapy and prevents the production of unconscious material
Interpretation
Therapist points out, explains, and teaches the meanings of whatever is revealed
Analysis of Resistance
- Helps the client to see that canceling appointments, fleeing from therapy prematurely are ways of defending against anxiety
-These acts interfere with the ability to accept changes which could lead to a more satisfying life
Dream Analysis
Therapist uses the "royal road to the unconscious" to bring unconscious" to bring unconscious material to light
1. Latent Content
2. Manifest Content
Latent Content
our hidden, symbolic, and unconscious motives, wishes, and fears
Manifest Content
dream as it appears to the dreamer
Group Work:
-Provides a rich framework for working through transference feelings
-Feelings resembling those members have experienced toward significant people in their past may emerge
-Group members may come to represent symbolic fugres from a client's past
-Competit
According to Adler, childhood experiences
in themselves are not as crucial as our attitude towards these experiences
______ is part of the basic counseling process.
Assessment
What is not true about Adlerian therapy?
the approach is gronded on the medical model
______ is best defined as understanding translated into action.
Insight
Adlerian therapy is flexible, but it can be tailored to work with ______.
culturally diverse clients
Adlerian therapy is well suited to a _____ or _____ .
brief
limited approach
The concept of fictional finalism refers to
an imagined central goal that guides a person's behavior
What is the correct sequence of human experiencing from an Adlerian perspective?
First we think
then we feel
then we act
What is not one of the four phases of Adlerian therapeutic process
teaching the client the process of free association
Adlerians value early recollections as an important clue to the understanding of
the individual's lifestyle
Oral Stage
First year
Related to later mistrust and rejection issues
ANAL STAGE
Ages 1-3
Related to later personal power issues
PHALLIC STAGE
Ages 3-6
Related to later sexual
LATENCY STAGE
Ages 6-12
A time of socialization
GENITAL STAGE
Ages 12-60
Sexual energies are invested in life
Limitations of Classical Analysis
-May not be appropriate for all cultures or socioeconomic groups
-Deterministic focus does not emphasize current maladaptive behaviors
-Minimizes role of the environment
-Requires subjective interpretation
-Relies heavily on client fantasy
-Lengthy treatm
The Adlerian point of view toward the role of insight in therapy is best stated in this way:
To be of value, insight must be translated into a constructive action program
Phenomenological orientation pays attention to the
way in which individuals perceive their world.
How would the Adlerian therapist view the personal problems of clients?
as the end result of a process of discouragement
Adlerians could best be described as using which techniques?
They fit a variety of techniques to the needs of the client
Adlerian Therapy is:
1. Holistic
2. Social
3. Teleological
4. Phenomenological
Adler does not stress
biological and instinctual drives
Adler linked the recognition of inferority feelings with striving for perfection or mastery. This notion is best captured by the saying
inferiority and the quest for mastery are two sides of the same coin
Adler's Individual Psychology
-Social interest is stressed
-Birth order and sibiling relationships
-Therapy as teaching, informing and encouraging
- Basic mistakes in the client's private logic
In Individual Psychology, the therapeutic relationship is
collaborative partnership
The Phenomenological Approach
-Adlerians attempt to view the world from the client's subjective frame of reference
- How life is in reality is less important than how the individual believes life to be
-It is not the childhood experiences that are crucial- it is our present interpreta
Lifestyle is how we move toward our life goals:
Private Logic"
Values, life plan, perceptions of self and others
Unifies all of our behaviors to provide consistency
Makes all our actions "fit together
A life movement that organizes the client's reality, giving meaning to life
Fictional Finalism or Guiding self ideal
Psychiatric symptoms are _____ at achieving our lifestyle
failed attempts
Adlerian therapy
helps clients to effectively navigate lifestyle tasks
Social Interest
-Adler's most significant and distinctive concept
- Refers to an individual's attitude toward and awareness of being part of the human community
-Embodies a community feeling and emphasizes the client's positive feelings toward others in the world
-Mental
Encouragement
most powerful method available for changing a person's beliefs
Phase 1: Establishing the Proper Therapeutic Relationship
-Supportive, collaborative, educational, encouraging process
-Person-to-person contact with the client precedes identification of the problem
-Help client build awareness of his or her strengths
Phase 2: Exploring the Individual Psychological Dynamics
-Lifestyle assessment
-Subjective interview
-Objective interview
-Family constellation
-Early recollections
-Basic Mistakes
Phase 3: Encouraging Self-Understanding/Insight Interpret the findings of assessment
-Interpret the findings of the assessment
- Hidden goals and purposes of behavior are made conscious
-Therapist offers interpretations to help clients gain insight into their lifestyle
Phase 4: Reorientation and Re-education
Action- oriented
Useful vs.unhelpful