Combined HIV Prevention counseling and Rapid Testing training is designed to teach prospective HIV test counselors how to:
- how to run a 20 minute rapid HIV test
- counsel patient in reducing their risk of acquiring or transmitting HIV
All information regarding counseling is based on:
CDC recommendations
Day 1 Agenda
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Day 1 Agenda
Review
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Day 2 Agenda
Counseling Skills
Unit One- HIV & STDS: A CRASH COURSE
OBJECTIVES
Increased knowledge of HIV/STD prevalence in Louisiana
- HIV and STD transmission, prevention and risk reduction methods
- how to communicate this to clients
Unit Two: Rapid Testing and why is it important?
...
OBJECTIVES
- state at least 3 benefits of rapid testing to the individual, service provider, and community
- state at least 2 differences and similarities of conventional and rapid HIV tests
- state 2 reasons why rapid testing is important
Day 3 Agenda
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What are the CDC's strategies for advancing HIV prevention?
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What are some keys to managing your own emotions and stress:
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Benefits of INSTI
Rapid:
Test yields results in as little as 60 seconds
Flexible: Its rapid results makes it easy to include in a variety of workflow models
Compatible: INSTI works with most testing algorithms
Convenient: Stored at room temperature 2-30�C (35.6-86�F)
What are some characteristics of successful people?
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These types of STDs are bacterial:
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These types of STDs are Viral:
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These types of STDs are parasitic:
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These types of STDs can be cured by antibiotics:
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What is the most commonly reported BACTERIAL STD in the US?
Chlamydia
How is chlamydia transmitted?
through oral, anal, & vaginal sex
What are the long term consequences of
chlamydia
?
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These bacterial STDs rarely show symptoms:
gonorrhea and chlamydia
Males or females tend to show symptoms of gonorrhea and/or chlamydia infections more often?
males
T/F
Tertiary syphillis is curable.
TRUE
What is the most common STD in the US?
HPV (human papillomavirus)
What are the signs of HPV?
appearance of genital warts; dome shaped warts
These two STDs can be diagnosed via blood tests and visual inspection
syphilis and herpes
Primary Syphilis
- highly infectious stage
- 3 weeks- 3 months after becoming infected
- 1 or more chancres at the site of infection
- 1/3 of persons who have sex one time with someone infected with primary syphillis will become infected
- 2-5x more likely to contract HIV
What are the signs of Primary Syphilis?
Chancre: small and painless sores often goes unnoticed or are mistaken for something else
- commonly found on vulva, cervix,m penis, anus mouth
- sores clear up in 2-6 weeks
When does
Secondary Syphilis
occur?
6-12 weeks from initial infection
HIGHLY INFECTIOUS STAGE
Symptoms usually go away on their own in 3 months
What are the hallmark signs of
secondary syphilis
?
#NAME?
Where are chancres most commonly found outside of the genital area?
mouth
What is the only way to detect
Latent Syphilis
?
Screening
What are the effects of
Tertiary Syphilis
?
#NAME?
What are some methods to reduce the risk of STD infection?
#NAME?
How is one tested for chlamydia and gonorrhea?
urine test
vaginal swab
anal/oral swab
What are some recommendations for using a vaginal condom during anal sex?
- use of inner ring is optional
-inner ring (or condom tip should be inserted past sphincter muscles for maximum protection
- finger or partner's penis may be used to guide insertion
- treatment as prevention
- safer injection
T/F you should never use oil-based lube with latex condoms
TRUE
What is PREP's mechanism of action?
#NAME?
What are the recommendations for taking
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
?
- take PEP w/in 72 hours of potential exposure
- 1-2 pills for 28 days
When should someone take PEP?
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What are some recommendations for safer injection?
- DO NOT share cotton, cookers, water, or drug mixers (vitamin c)
- mark your equipment if in a group setting
- dispose of equipment immediately
- clean your needles
What are some recommendations for sharing equipment?
1. 3x rinse needles and syringe w/ cold sterile water
2. Fill with undiluted household bleach, rinse 3x
3. 3x rinse with cold, fresh, sterile water
Unit Two:
Rapid HIV Testing:
What is it and why is it important?
- state at least 3 benefits of rapid testing to the individual, service provider, and community
- state at least 2 differences and similarities of conventional and rapid HIV tests
- state 2 reasons why rapid testing is important
State 2 reasons why rapid testing is important:
#NAME?
What are some recommendations for preventing HIV infections?
#NAME?
What are the CDC's recommendations for HIV/AIDs screenings?
- screen all individuals ages 13- 65
- opt out screening: patients are notified that testing will be performed unless they decline
- people with multiple risk factors should be screened at least annually
What are the CDC's recommendations for Syphilis screenings:
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Providers should routinely test persons for
Syphillis
:
- are pregnant, opt out screening should occur during 1st and 3rd Trimester
- are members of an at-risk population (correctional facility and MSM)
- describe sexual behaviors that put them at risk for STDs (have unprotected vaginal, anal, or oral sexual c
What are the benefits of rapid testing for the individual?
#NAME?
What are the benefits of rapid testing for the community?
#NAME?
What are the benefits of rapid testing for the service provider?
- providers are certain they've received results
- connects them to services immediately
Unit Three: Universal Precautions and Safework Practices
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What is
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS (BBP) STANDARDS:
Protect employees from exposure through needle sticks and cuts from sharp instruments contaminated w/ an infected patient's blood or through contract of the eye, nose, mouth, or skin with a patient's blood
What are universal precautions?
consider all human blood and certain human body fluids infectious for blood borne pathogens
Health care personnel are at risk of these infectious diseases:
- hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
- hepatitis C Virus (HCV)
- HIV
What is the
Three Rule
?
- HBV is transmitted in
30%
of exposures
- HCV is transmitted in 3% of all exposures
- HIV is transmitted in .3% of all cases
How is HBV transmitted?
- blood, semen, and vaginal
- survives up to 7 days in dried blood
- more infectious than HIV
OSHA requires that this vaccine be provided free of charge:
HBV
Who is most at risk of HCV?
- intravenous drug users
- 3.2 million infected and don't know their status
What percentage of people with HIV who are also IDU also have Hep C?
- 50-90%; increases in mortality in the past 8 years
How long can HCV survive outside the body?
16 hrs- 4 days at room temperature; longer in 40F
What are some safe work practices?
- using protective equipment
- wash or use hand sanitizer after every test
- dispose of sharps and waste in plastic bag
- DO NOT fill sharps bag more than 3/4 of the way full
- use a freshly prepared solution of 10% bleach to clean the area
What should you throw into the biohazard waste bag?
#NAME?
What should you do in case of accidental exposure?
- flood the exposed area with water (10-15 minutes) and clean any wound w/ soap and water or a skin disinfectant if available
- report this immediately to your employer
- seek immediate medical attention
Unit Four: Performing Rapid HIV Test & Running Controls
- describe 6 tasks that need to be done before testing as a part of assuring the quality of the test
- demonstrate the steps to conduct two different rapid tests according to the manufacturer's instructions
- perform proper fingerstick blood collection
What are the 5 Rapid tests?
#NAME?
What does Surecheck test for?
HIV-1