3 ways disease can be transmitted by cross contamination of..
-equipment -supplies -sensors
OSHA stands for what?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSHA mandates what?
-gloves must be worn
-PPE required
What is the primary purpose of infection control?
To prevent the transmission of infectious diseases
Microorganisms capable of causing diseases?
pathogens
-Cold & flu Virus
-Cytomegaiovirus
-Hep B&C
-Herpes
-HIV
-TB
Microorganisms of concern in the dental enviroment
2 ways the transmission of disease may occur in dentistry DIRECTLY
Contact with saliva, blood, secretion
Contact with airborne aerosols & respiratory fluids
Transmission of disease may occur in dentistry indirectly how?
Contact with instrument or object that is contaminated
For an infection to occur what must happen?
-susceptible host present
-pathogen able to cause disease
-portal of entry
inhibits the growth of bacteria
antiseptic
Handwashing or wound cleaning is an example of what?
Antiseptic
Procedure that prevents infection & absence of pathogens
Asespsis'
Present in blood and causes infection
Bloodborne pathogen
Use of chemical or physical procedures to destroy pathogens (excluding spores and resistant bacteria)
disinfect
Dental patient has contact with contamination
Exposure incident
Waste that contains blood, blood products, sharps
Infectious waste
Exposure from performing a dental procedure
Occupational exposure
Contamination as a result from puncturing the skin
Parental exposure
Chemical or physical procedure to kill ALL pathogens including spores
Sterilize
all human blood and certain human bodily fluids are treated as though they are know to be infectous
universal precautions
3 ways instruments are classified
critical, semi-critical and non-critical
Instruments that penetrate the bone or tissue
MUST be sterilized
Critical instruments
Contact with but do not penetrate bone and tissue
MUST be sterilized
ex. mirrors
semi-critical instruments
Instruments that have no contact with mucous membrane
Low level of disinfectant needed
ex. exposure button, lead apron
non-critical instruments
Scalpels, forceps, bone chisels, scalers and surgical burs are all examples of what type of instruments?
Critical Instruments
The act of disinfecting
disinfection
type of exposure with blood or other infectious materials from piercing or puncturing the skin's barrier
Parenteral exposure
Absence of pathogens or disease-causing microorganisms
Asepsis
The act of sterilizing
sterilization
To inhibit or destroy disease-causing microbes through use of a chemical or physical procedure
Disinfect
level of disinfectant classified as both "hospital disinfectants" and "tuberculocidals" recommended for all contaminated surfaces
intermediate level
Standard of care designed to protect healthcare personnel & patients from pathogens, blood, or any other bodily fluid
Standard precautions
use of physical or chemical procedure to destroy all pathogens; including highly resistant bacterial and fungal spores
sterilize
level of disinfectant classified "hospital disinfectant";recommended for general housekeeping
Low level
Level of disinfectant classified as "sterilant-disinfectants" used to disinfect heat-sensitive, semi-critical instruments
high level
5 indications for hand hygiene
-before touching a patient
-before cleaning
-after bodily exposure risk
-after touching a patient
-after touching patient surroundings
3 types of hand hygiene that may be used in dental imaging
-routined hand wash
-antiseptic hand wash
-Antiseptic
Water & anti-microbial soap (40-60 secs)
Routine hand wash
Water & anti-microbial soap (15 secs)
Antiseptic hand wash
Alcohol based; rub until hands are dry
Antiseptic hand rub