MIDTERM 101

Initiatives six focus area

Prevention
Structural Firefighting
Wildland Operation
Health, Wellness & Fitness
Vehicles
Training

Everyone goes home initiative goal

LODd 25% reduction over next 5 years and 50% over next 10 years

6 Root Causes

Ineffective policy and procedures
Ineffective decision making
Lack of preparedness
Ineffective leadership
Lack of personal responsibilities
Extraordinary and unpredictable circumstances

Initiative 1

Define and advocate the need for a cultural change within the fire service relating to safety; incorporating
leadership, management, supervision, accountability
and personal responsibility.

Initiative 2

Enhance the personal and organizational accountability for health and safety throughout the fire service.

Initiative 3

Focus greater attention on the integration of risk management with incident management at all levels, including strategic, tactical,
and planning responsibilities.

Initiative 4

All firefighters must be empowered to stop unsafe practices.

Initiative 5

Develop and implement national standards for training, qualifications,
and certification (including regular
re-certification) that are equally applicable to all firefighters based on the duties they are expected to perform.

Initiative 6

Develop and implement national medical and physical fitness standards that are equally applicable to all firefighters, based on the duties they are expected to perform.

Initiative 7

Create a national research agenda and data collection system that relates to the initiatives.

Initiative 8

Utilize available technology wherever it can help produce higher levels of health and safety

Initiative 9

Thoroughly investigate all firefighter fatalities, injuries, and near misses.

Initiative 10

Grant programs should support the implementation of safe practices and / or mandate safe practices as an eligibility requirement.

Initiative 11

National standards for emergency response policies and procedures should be developed and championed.

Initiative 12

National protocols for response to violent incidents (including terrorism) should be developed and championed.

Initiative 13

Firefighters and their families must have access to counseling and psychological support

Initiative 14

Public education must receive more resources and be championed as a critical fire and life safety program

Initiative 15

Advocacy must be strengthened for the enforcement of codes and the installation of home fire sprinklers

Initiative 16

Safety must be a primary consideration in the design of apparatus and equipment.

Leading types of firefighter injuries during training

Heart attack

hazard

Refers to a condition, substance, or device that causes injury or loss

risk

The likelihood of suffering harm from a hazard

Crew Resource Management (CRM)

Adopted by international Association of fire chiefs, developed by the commercial airline industry to reduce airline accidents and has now been adopted by the US department of defense

CRM factors

Communications between crew members
Situational awarness
Decision making
Teamwork
Implementation barriers

Workplace accidents

88% unsafe acts
10% unsafe conditions
2% unavoidable

NFPA 1500

-Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program
-standard required the establishment of a safety committee as well as the position of Health and safety officer (HSO) in fire and emergency service organization.

NFPA 1500 requires departments to

Establish and maintain a training and education program to help prevent occupational deaths, injuries and illnesses.

Strategic safety plan

Process that identifies specific goals that support and enhance the safety and risk management activities of the department

Strategic plan: SWOT

Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats

Strategic plan contents include

Mission statement
Vision
Values
Internal strengths/weaknesses
External threats and opportunities
Goals and objectives

Situational Awareness

Being aware of your surroundings and what is going on

Situational Awareness 3 levels

1. Perception: perceive situation
2. Comprehension: apply knowledge from past expierences
3. Application: apply it to future

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

The federal regulatory compliance agency that develops, publishes, and enforces guidelines concerning safety in the workplace.

halo effect

the tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic

high reliability organizations

Defined as an organization that has succeeded in avoiding catastrophes in an environment where normal accidents can be expected due to risk factors

Health programs

Program to assist and encourage employees to adopt and attain a healthier lifestyle

Health programs legal requirements enforced by fed and state OSHA

29 CFR 1910. 134, respiratory protection
29 CFR 1910. 120, hazardous waste operations and emergency response
29 USC 654, 5(a)1, The general duty clause may be cited in the lack of employee health protection

Risk Management

Identification
Evaluation
Prioritization
Control techniques implementation
Management monitoring

NFPA

National Fire Protection Association

OSHA

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

IFSTA

International Fire Service Training Association

CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

NTSB

National Transportation Safety Board

DHS

Department of Homeland Security

AHJ

Authority Having Jurisdiction

CPAT

Candidate Physical Ability Test

decide

Determined, evaluate, consider, identify, do, evaluate

IDLH

Immediate Danger to Life and Health

FESHE

Fire and Emergency Services for Higher Education

CICCS

California Incident Command Certification System

NWCG

National Wildfire Coordinating Group

SOG

Standard Operating Guidelines

SOP

Standard Operating Procedure

Ergonomics

The applied science of workplace equipment design intended to maximize Productivity and minimize potential injuries by reducing operator fatigue and discomfort

Call of health programs

The goal of most health programs is twofold. First the goal is to ensure that employees are physically fit to preform and they physically intense occupation like the fire in emergency services

WCT

Arduous: pack test, 3 mile 45pound= 45 min
Moderate: field test, 2 mile 25pound= 30 min
Light: walk test, 1 mile no pack= 16 min

Training prop

Designed to stimulate some type of situation or equipment that may be encountered during the emergency incidents. Props range from gas-fired live burns structures two wrecked vehicles

3 main training

Entry level, specialized, recert

Nfpa 1901

Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatus
Fire apparatus and trailers

acceptance test

Occurs when a new or refurbished apparatus is delivered by the manufacture or maintenance center. The test includes measuring the mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, or electrical systems characteristics and comparing them to the equipment specifications an

Service Test

Performed by third-party or the organization annually or after any major repairs or alterations to the apparatus or components

interlock device

attached to a motor vehicle to prevent it from being started when the alcohol level of the motorist's breath exceeds a predetermined amount

Reaction distance

Distance a vehicle travels while driver is transferring the foot from the Excelerator to the break pedal

Braking distance

Distance to vehicle travels from the time the brakes are applied until the apparatus comes to a complete stop

total stopping distance

Sum of the driver/operator reaction distance and a vehicle break-in distance

retro-reflective stripes

50% of the cab and body length and 25% of the width of the front of the apparatus
Strip shall be minimum 4 width

10 cones highway incident safety

1. There's no substitute for training
2. Multi agency coordination and communication are a must
3. Limit your exposure limit your time
4. Give traffic plenty of warning
5.Protect the scene with apparatus
6. Always work away from the traffic
7. Be prepared