Affirmative action
positive efforts to recruit minority group members or women for jobs,promotions, and education opportunities
Amalgamation
The process through which a majority group and minority group combine to form a new group
Anti-semitism
Anti-jewish prejudice
Apartheid
A former policy of south African government , designed to maintain separation of blacks and other non-whites from the dominant whites
Assimilation
The process through which a person forsakes his or her cultural tradition to become part of a new culture
Black power
A political philosophy, promoted by many younger black in the 1960's, that supported the creation of black controlled political and economic institutions
Color-blind racism
The use of the principle of race neutrality to defend a racially unequal status quo
Contact hypothesis
An interactionist perspective which states that in cooperative circumstances, interracial contact between people of equal status will reduce prejudice
Discrimination
The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individuals and groups because of prejudice and other arbitrary reasons
Ethnic group
A group that is set apart from others primarily because of its national origin or distinctive culture patterns
Ethnocentrism
The tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represent the norm or are superiors to all others
exploitation theory
A marxist theory that views racial subordination in the united states as a manifestation of the class system inherit in capitalism
Genocide
The deliberate systematic killing of an entire people or nation
Glass ceiling
An invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of the individuals gender,race, ethnicity
Institutional discrimination
The denial of opportunities and equal rights to individual groups that result from he normal operations of society
Minority group
A subordinate group whose members have significantly less control of power over their own lives than members of dominant or majority group have over theirs
A subordinate group
whose members supposedly have succeeded economically,socially and educationally despite of prejudice and discrimination, and without resorting to political and violate confrontation with whites
pluralism
Mutual respect for one another cultures among various groups in society which allows minorities to express their cultures with experiencing prejudice
prejudice
A negative attitude toward an entire category of people, often an ethnic group or racial minority
Racial formation
a sociohistorical process in which racial categories are created, inhabited, transformed, and destroyed
Racial group
a group that is set apart from others because of physical differences that have taken on social significance
Racial profiling
An arbitrary action initiated by an authority based on race ethnicity, or national origin rather than on a person's behavior
Racism
The belief that one race is supreme and all others are innately inferior
segregation
The physical separation of 2 groups of people in terms of residence, workplace, and social events, often imposed on a minority group by a dominant group
Stereotype
An unreliable generalization about all members of a group that does not recognize differences within a group
symbolic ethnicity
An ethnic identity that emphasizes concerns such as ethnic food or political issues rather than deeper ties to ones ethnic group
Transnational
An immigrant who sustains multiple social relationships that link his or her society of origin with the society of settlement
White privilege
rights or immunities granted to people as particular benefit or favor simply because they are white