Sociology of Gender Week 4

Sex

Genitals

Mind

Identity

Heart

Orientation

Outside looks

Expression

Essentialism

Really are men and women, men are by nature different then women.

Constructionism

Gender exists because we believe in the idea of men vs. women. Masculinities and Femininities are socially produced. Gender is divorced from biological difference. Soc today.

Gender Identity

A person's private sense of their own gender. Usually man or woman.

Sex Category

Something assigned socially, identification is private and can be changed

Gender Expression

Any and all mannerisms which serve to communicate a person's identity and personality as they relate to gender

Cisgender

An individual whose fender identity/self-perception matches their sex category.

Cisnormativity

The assumption made by most of society that any given person is cisgender.

Cissexism

The belief and treatment of transgender and/or transsexual people as inferior to cisgender individuals

Transgender

Gender identity not matching one's assigned sex category.

Transsexual

Used interchangeably with transgender but mostly refer to transgender who has gone through physical sex reassignment.

Doing Transgender

Practices by which transpeople try to make sense of disconnect between sex, gender, orientation, etc.

Drag

More of an alternate identity. (1 body, 2 identities) while transgender is your only identity.

Transgender isn't

Just about cross dressing. It's about identity.

Change in Labor Laws

1. Any discrimination and harassment is bad. 2. Preferred names and pronouns need to be respected. 3. No policing bathrooms. 4. Family medical leave is allowed for reassignment surgery.

Gender Queer

Gender identities other than man and woman, thus outside of the gender binary and cisnormativity

Agender

Having no gender identity to express or identify with the preference for gender neutral language and pronouns.

Androgyne or Androgynous Gender

Identifying or presenting between the binary options of man and woman or masculine and feminine.

Genderfluid

Moving between the two or more different gender identities or expressions art different times or in different situations.

Third Gender

Having a gender identity or expression that is not defined in terms of the two binary options but entiresly on its own terms.

Heteronormativity

The idea that sexual attraction to the "other" sex is normal and desired. Rests on the sex and gender binary, Term compulsory heterosexuality conveys the same idea.

Interaction of sexuality and gender

Gender performances are sexual-gender performances, the two are intertwined build on each other and construct each other.

Heteronormative Femininity

Much of how we "do femininity" is linked to the heterosexual imperative. Implies working on being a desirable partner for men.

Heteronormative Masculinity

So much of how we "do masculinity" is linked to heteronormativity, being a desirable mate for women. Masculine friendships can't be gay. Must fight over a women about how "manly" they are.

Theory

Every study corresponds with previous studies and is situated in a particular field of knowledge.

Method

How the study was conducted

Validity

Does the method address the research question?

Reliability

Was there anything that may have biased the results?

Research Ethics

No deception during the study?

Pascoe

We all do sexuality- relate ourselves to ideas about what norms are. Ideas about normative appropriate sexuality define normative, appropriate gender performances. Growing acceptance for homosexuals means acceptance for varied masculine and feminine

Heterosexism

Homophobia and transphobia. Discrimination against and oppression of non-heterosexual relationships. Fag and no homo is still bad even when addressed towards a heterosexual.

Hegemonic Masculinities

Cultural ideal of masculinity that legitimizes the subordination of men over women and that most men aspire to.

Complicit Masculinities

the majority of men who buy into hegemonic ideal and who benefit from patriarchy although they are themselves not able to fully embody hegemonic masculinity.

Marginalized Masculiniities

Men who cannot embody the hegemonic ideal because of their social marginalization (race, class ,etc)

Subordinated Masculinities

Posited as "other: to masculinity. Deemd unmanly, feminine