Sociology chapter 3 terms

Beliefs

Tenets or convictions that people hold to be true

Counter cultures

Groups that reject and oppose society's widely accepted cultural patterns

Cultural imperialism

The deliberate imposition of ones own cultural values on another culture

Cultural relativism

The practice of accessing a culture by its own standards and not in comparison to another culture

Cultural universals

Patterns or traits that are globally common

Culture lag

The gap of time between the introduction of material culture and non material cultures acceptance of it

Culture shock

An experience of personal disorientation when confronted with an unfamiliar way of life

Culture

Shared beliefs, values, practices

Diffusion

The spread of material and nonmaterial culture from one culture to another

Discoveries

Things and ideas found from what already exists

Ethnocentrism

To evaluate another culture according to the standards if ones own culture

Folkways

Direct appropriate behavior in the day to day practices and expressions of a culture

Formal norms

Established, written norms

Globalization

The integration of international trade and finance markets

High culture

The cultural patterns of society's elite

Ideal culture

Consists of the standards a society would like to embrace and live up to

Informal norms

Casual behaviors that are generally and widely conformed to

Innovations

New objects or ideas introduced into culture for the first time

Inventions

A combination if pieces of existing reality into new forms

Language

A symbolic system of communication

Material culture

The objects or belongings of a group of people

Mores

The moral views and principles of a group

Nonmaterial culture

The idea, attitudes, and beliefs of society

Norms

The visible and invisible rules of conduct through which societies are constructed

Popular culture

Mainstream, widespread patterns among a society's population

Real culture

The way society really is based n what actually occurs and exists

Sapir Whorf hypothesis

People understand the world based on their form of language

Sanctions

A way to authorize or formally disapprove of certain behaviors

Social control

A way to encourage conformity to cultural norms

Society

People who live in a definable community and who share a culture

Subcultures

Groups that share a specific identification, apart from a society's majority, even as the members exist within a larger society

Symbols

Gestures or objects that have meanings associated with them that are recognized by people who share a culture

Values

A cultures standard for discerning what is good and just in society

Xenocentrism

A belief that another culture is superior to ones own