social institution
a social structure that meets human needs
Characteristics of institution
1)institutions tend to be resistant to change.
2) institutions tend to be interdependent.
3) institutions tend to change together.
4) institutions tend to be the site of major social problems.
MARRIAGE
A legal relationship, usually involving economic cooperation as well as sexual activity and childbearing
Family
unites people in cooperative groups to care for
one another, including any children
EXTENDED FAMILY
ALSO CALLED "CONSANGUINE FAMILIES".
INCLUDES PARENTS AND CHILDREN AS WELL AS OTHER KIN
NUCLEAR FAMILY
ALSO CALLED "CONJUGAL FAMILY".
COMPOSED OF ONE OR TWO PARENTS AND THEIR CHILDREN
Polygamy
Marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses
tracing descent
patrilineal- tracing kinship through men.
Matrilineal-tracing kinship through women.
Bilateral- both
divorce rate
remain the same stay high
economy
organizes a society's production, distribution, and consumption of goods and service
Sectors of the economy
Primary or raw materials(growing potatoes), Secondary transforming of raw materials (chips), Tertiary(delivery man)
Capitalism
PRIVATE OWNERSHIP OF PROPERTY,PURSUIT OF PERSONAL PROFIT and FREE COMPETITION
Socialism
COLLECTIVE OWNERSHIP,PURSUIT OF COLLECTIVE GOALS and GOVERNMENT CONTROL OF THE ECONOMY
State capitalism
An economic & political system; companies privately owned cooperate closely with government
Politics
THE SOCIAL INSTITUTION THAT DISTRIBUTES POWER, SETS A SOCIETY'S GOALS, AND MAKES DECISIONS
types of AUTHORITY
TRADITIONAL-LEGITIMIZED THROUGH TRADITION.
RATIONAL-LEGAL- LEGITIMIZED THROUGH LAW.
CHARISMATIC -LEGITIMIZED THROUGH PERSONALITY.
MONARCHY
A political system in which a single family rules from generation to generation
Democracy
A political system that gives power to the people as a whole
Three models of political development theory in the US
Pluralism- power spread among many competing groups.
Power-Elite- power concentrated among the rich.
Marxism- power is linked to society's economic system.
Special-Interest Groups
People organized to address some economic or social issue
(NRA)
Terrorism
Acts of violence or the threat of violence used as a political strategy by an individual or a group
RELIGION
THE SOCIAL INSTITUTION INVOLVING BELIEFS AND PRACTICES BASED ON RECOGNIZING THE SACRED
PROFANE
ORDINARY ELEMENTS OF EVERYDAY LIFE
SACRED
SET APART AS EXTRAORDINARY, INSPIRING AWE AND REVERENCE
what does Sociologist focus on when looking a religion
Faith, sanctification of the social order, integration of it members
CHURCH
ORGANIZATION THAT IS WELL INTEGRATED INTO SOCIETY
SECT
A TYPE OF RELIGIOUS ORGANIZATION THAT STANDS APART FROM THE LARGER SOCIETY (AMISH)
CULTS
A type of religious organization that is largely outside a society's cultural traditions
CIVIL RELIGION
A quasi-religious loyalty binding people in a basically secular society
EDUCATION
THE SOCIAL INSTITUTION THROUGH WHICH SOCIETY PROVIDES ITS MEMBERS WITH IMPORTANT KNOWLEDGE, INCLUDING BASIC FACTS, JOB SKILLS, AND CULTURAL NORMS AND VALUES
% of adult populations with school diploma
87%
Most crucial factor affecting access to college
money
greatest indicator of going to college
Family and income
Category of population with lowest educational achievement
Hispanics men
oldest Religion
Hinduism
Cultural lag
Material culture (things) changes faster than. nonmaterial culture (ideas and attitudes).