Sociology Chapter 5: Social Structure and Society Terms (Part 2)

Society

A group of people living in a defined territory and sharing a common culture

Hunting and Gathering Society

Society that survives by pursuing animals and finding edible plants

Horticultural Society

Society that survives by using simple tools to grow plants

Pastoral Society

Society in which food is obtained primarily by raising and taking care of animals

Agricultural Society

Society that uses plows and draft animals to grow food

Industrial Society

society that depends on science/technology to produce basic goods/services

Mechanization

process of replacing animals with machine power

Urbanization

shifting of populations from farms to cities

Gemeinschaft

preindustrial society based on tradition, kinship, and close social ties

Gesellschaft

industrial society characterized by weak family ties, competition, impersonal family ties

Social Solidarity

the degree to which a society is unified

Mechanical Solidarity

a type of SOCIAL UNITY achieved by people doing the same type of work and have similar values (Preindustrial)

Organic Solidarity

Type of society in which members' INTERDEPENDENCE is based on SPECIALIZED functions and statuses (Postindustrial)

Postindustrial Society

Society in which the economic emphasis is on providing SERVICES and INFORMATION