Sociology Culture Vocabulary

Culture

the values, beliefs, behavior, and material objects that together form a people's way of life

High Culture

cultural pattern that distinguish a society's elite

Material Culture

the tangible things created by members of a society

Nonmaterial Culture

The intangible world of ideas created by members of the society

Sociobiology

A theoretical approach that explores the ways in which human biology affects how we create culture

Afrocentrism

Emphasizing and promoting African cultural patterns

Technology

Knowledge that people use to make a way of life in their surroundings

Subculture

Cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's population

Counterculture

Cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society

Symbol

Anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share a culture

Values

Culturally defined standards that people use to decide what is desirable, good, and beautiful and that serve as broad guidelines for social living

Norms

Rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members

Mores

Norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance

Folkways

Norms for routine or casual interaction

Cultural Lag

The fact that some cultural elements change more quickly then others, disrupting a cultural system

Multiculturalism

Perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the US and promising equal standing for all cultural traditions

Eurocentrism

Dominance of European cultural patterns

Cultural Transmission

Process by which one generation passes culture to the next

Language

System of symbols that allows people to communicate with one another

Sapir - Whorf Thesis

People see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language

Cultural Universals

Traits that are part of every known culture

Beliefs

Specific thoughts or ideas that people hold to be true

Culture Shock

Disorientation due to the inability to make sense out of one's surroundings

Cultural Integration

Close relationships among various elements of a cultural system

Cultural Relativism

The practice of judging a culture by its own standards

Social Control

Attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behaviors

Ethnocentrism

Judging of other cultures based on customs and values of your own

Popular Culture

Cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's culture