white males
In the United States today, the suicide rate is highest for which of the following categories of people?
theory
A statement of how and why specific facts are related:
values
Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and beautiful are called:
whether she lives in a poor or rich society
From a sociological perspective, patterns of childbearing around the world suggest that the number of children born to a woman reflects:
ethnocentrism
The tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important, and that all other groups are measured in relation to one's own:
industrial
Which society features factories and machines along with greater sense of individualism?
lower social integration
According to Emile Durkheim, a category of people with a higher suicide rate typically has:
the exchange of symbols
According to George Herbert Mead, social experience is based on:
behaviorism
Which theory developed by the psychologist John B. Watson claims human behavior is not instinctive, but learned within a social environment?
people see themselves as they think others see them
When Charles Horton Cooley used the term "looking-glass self," he was referring to the fact that:
achieved status
Being an honors student is a good example of what?
role exit
Which of the following concepts refers to the process by which people disengage from important social roles?
lets children escape the direct supervision of parents
In the socialization process, what makes the peer group different from the family is that the peer group:
social construction of reality
Flirting is one good example of an everyday experience involving:
id
Our basic drives, or needs as humans, are reflected in Freud's concept of:
groupthink
A group seeks consensus, discouraging members from speaking freely, and ends up making a poor policy recommendation. This is an operation of what?
rehabilitation
Which of the following concepts refers to efforts to reform an offender in order to prevent further offenses?
primary group
Charles Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships. What is this concept called?
alienate
Max Weber argued that formal organizations, while efficient, have the ability to __________ people within them.
rebellion
In his strain theory, Robert Merton uses which of the following concepts to describe the behavior of a radical who rejects cultural goals and means in favor of some alternative system?
stigma
Which of the following is Erving Goffman's concept that refers to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?
a Harvard education per year
In class the instructor referred to a CNN report that discovered that keeping an inmate in the state penitentiary is equal to:
increasing
Evidence suggests that, as the United States moves into the post-industrial phase of economic development, economic inequality is:
human biology, although society plays some role
The weight of evidence indicates that sexual orientation is caused mostly by:
in the home
Most violence against women occurs:
glass ceiling
Which of the following concepts refers to an invisible, yet real, barrier that prevents many women from rising beyond middle-management positions?
beauty myth
the idea that women learn to measure their personal importance in terms of physical appearance refers to what?
gender roles
Which of the following concepts refers to attitudes and activities that a society links to people of each sex?
minority
A category of people who are different in some visible, physical way (distinct identity) and disadvantaged
social mobility
This concept refers to changes in people's positions in the social hierarchy
social standing/status
For most people in the US, what remains much of the same over a lifetime?
class system
This system assigns social position based on individual achievement
authoritarian personality
people who show strong prejudice towards toward one minority and usually intolerant of of all minorities; rigid, uneducated, parents also have same beliefs
colonialism
Some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of other nations. This concept or process is called what?
discourage
Mounting research suggests that cohabitation may [ ] marriage
squeezing of the middle class
The hour-glass economy metaphor discussed in class highlights what?
affirms cultural values and norms, clarifies moral boundaries, brings people together, encourages social change
functions of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim