Sociology

Who was the founder of the Conflict Theory?

Karl Marx

What is the Conflict Theory?

Society is not just one happy family, but we are divided and have conflict. We will ALWAYS be divided.

Structural Functionalism

One system gets impaired, the rest id effected.

What does Social Structure include?

-Organizations
-Groups
-Institutions (Government)

What does Social Interaction include?

-Norms
-Rules
-Impression Management

Sociological Imagination

Asking of why, wanting to dig deeper.

Who was the founder of Symbolic Interaction?

George Herbert Meade

Symbolic Interaction

We interact using symbols such as words, eye movement, and gestures.

Macro

Larger level of society. Example: Culture

Meso

Subgroup of Macro. Example: Amish, Catholic, Atheist

Micro

Smallest level of groups. Example: Polygamy

Mores

Going against morals, laws against morals.

Norms

Social laws, not written

Taboo

Private things in public

Folkway

Social laws that change with culture.

Ethnocentrism

Thinking your culture is the best from everyone else.

Cultural Universal

Norms that are the same worldwide.

Examples of Cultural Universal:

-Marriage
-Implication of Laws

Material Culture

refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.

Material Culture Examples:

These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its

Ethnomethodology

Study of peoples methods. Try and make sense of the world.

Dependent Variable Example:

Effects of what drugs can do

Independent Variable Example:

Drugs

Hypothesis

Educational Guess

Theory

Explaining

Sample

Having a wide variety of people and a big population.

Qualitative

How, why, interviews, and more information

Quantitative

Survey, questionnaires, at what degree

Informed Consent

Permission

Generalized Other

Figuring out what norms are and then conform to those norms

Looking Glass Self

We know ourselves through the "looking glass" of others that mirror back to us the impressions we create

Who created the "Looking Glass Self

Cooley

Role Example:

Teacher or Student

Status Example:

Doctor, professor

Achieved Status

Took time and can change

Ascribed Status

Born with, and normally can't change

Front Stage

Present to others

Back Stage

True Self

Role Conflict Example:

Teacher and student
Mother and Best Friend

Role Strain

Trouble choosing which role to be at a certain time

Organization

Fraternity

Bureaucracy

Divisions of labors and has a hierarchy

Reference Group

Use to have better understanding

Social Network

Friends/Consistent

Urban

Density population, Chicago

Social Capital

Who you know

Cultural Capital

Level of Education and your resume is built of this.

Generalized Other

The general notion that a person has of the common expectations that others have about actions and thoughts within a particular society. The commonsense understandings of what is appropriate given the time and/or place

I" and "Me":

According to Mead, the self has two sides. The "me" represents the expectations and attitudes of others (the generalized other). It is the organized set of attitudes of others that the individual assumes. The "I" is the response to the "me," or the person

Non?material culture

refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions. For instance, the non?material cultural concept of religion consists of a set of ideas and be

Independent vs. dependent variable:

the aspects of our research that we predict will fluctuate in relation to other variables (dependent) or that we predict exist separate from them (independent)

Independent vs. dependent variable Example:

an increase in the level of inequality causes an increase in the crime rate (level of inequality is the independent variable, crime rate is the dependent)

Ethnography

qualitative study that focuses on studying people's ways of life by close observation over a long period of time, An ethnography is highly detailed description of social life in a small number of cases. Ethnographers enter everyday lives of those we study

Ethnomethodology

a division of sociology that studies the ways (tools and methods) members of a group construct social order and make sense of their everyday lives.

Theory

comes about as the result of many experiments and results. For example, Karl Marx came up with the conflict theory through his many observations of class conflict. Theories are proposed ways of life that are assumed to be true. A theory is a well-establis

Hypothesis

an educated guess or expected result from your study

A theory predicts....

...events in general terms, while a hypothesis makes a specific prediction about a specified set of circumstances.

A theory...

...has been extensively tested and is generally accepted, while a hypothesis is a speculative guess that has yet to be tested.

Paradigm

is a set of propositions that explain how the world is perceived it contains a world view a way of breaking down the complexity of the real world. Paradigms are broad theoretical formulations. They provide us a set of assumptions that help us to find out

Who was the founder of the Conflict Theory?

Karl Marx

What is the Conflict Theory?

Society is not just one happy family, but we are divided and have conflict. We will ALWAYS be divided.

Structural Functionalism

One system gets impaired, the rest id effected.

What does Social Structure include?

=-organizations
-groups
-institutions (government)

What does Social Interaction include?

=-norms
-rules
-impression management

Sociological Imagination

Asking of why, wanting to dig deeper.

Who was the founder of Symbolic Interaction?

George Herbert Meade

Symbolic Interaction

We interact using symbols such as words, eye movement, and gestures.

Macro

Larger level of society. Example: Culture

Meso

Subgroup of Macro. Example: Amish, Catholic, Atheist

Micro

Smallest level of groups. Example: Polygamy

Mores

Going against morals, laws against morals.

Norms

Social laws, not written

Taboo

Private things in public

Folkway

Social laws that change with culture.

Ethnocentrism

Thinking your culture is the best from everyone else.

Cultural Universal

Norms that are the same worldwide.

Examples of Cultural Universal:

=-marriage
-Implication of Laws

Material Culture

refers to the physical objects, resources, and spaces that people use to define their culture.

Material Culture Examples:

These include homes, neighborhoods, cities, schools, churches, synagogues, temples, mosques, offices, factories and plants, tools, means of production, goods and products, stores, and so forth. All of these physical aspects of a culture help to define its

Ethnomethodology

Study of peoples methods. Try and make sense of the world.

Dependent Variable Example:

Effects of what drugs can do

Independent Variable Example:

Drugs

Hypothesis

Educational Guess

Theory

Explaining

Sample

Having a wide variety of people and a big population.

Qualitative

How, why, interviews, and more information

Quantitative

Survey, questionnaires, at what degree

Informed Consent

Permission

Generalized Other

Figuring out what norms are and then conform to those norms

Looking Glass Self

We know ourselves through the "looking glass" of others that mirror back to us the impressions we create

Who created the "Looking Glass Self

Cooley

Role Example:

Teacher or Student

Status Example:

Doctor, professor

Achieved Status

Took time and can change

Ascribed Status

Born with, and normally can't change

Front Stage

Present to others

Back Stage

True Self

Role Conflict Example:

Teacher and student
Mother and Best Friend

Role Strain

Trouble choosing which role to be at a certain time

Organization

Fraternity

Bureaucracy

Divisions of labors and has a hierarchy

Reference Group

Use to have better understanding

Social Network

Friends/Consistent

Urban

Density population, Chicago

Social Capital

Who you know

Cultural Capital

Level of Education and your resume is built of this.

Generalized Other

The general notion that a person has of the common expectations that others have about actions and thoughts within a particular society. The commonsense understandings of what is appropriate given the time and/or place

I" and "Me":

According to Mead, the self has two sides. The "me" represents the expectations and attitudes of others (the generalized other). It is the organized set of attitudes of others that the individual assumes. The "I" is the response to the "me," or the person

Non?material culture

refers to the nonphysical ideas that people have about their culture, including beliefs, values, rules, norms, morals, language, organizations, and institutions. For instance, the non?material cultural concept of religion consists of a set of ideas and be

Independent vs. dependent variable:

the aspects of our research that we predict will fluctuate in relation to other variables (dependent) or that we predict exist separate from them (independent)

Independent vs. dependent variable Example:

an increase in the level of inequality causes an increase in the crime rate (level of inequality is the independent variable, crime rate is the dependent)

Ethnography

qualitative study that focuses on studying people's ways of life by close observation over a long period of time, An ethnography is highly detailed description of social life in a small number of cases. Ethnographers enter everyday lives of those we study

Ethnomethodology

a division of sociology that studies the ways (tools and methods) members of a group construct social order and make sense of their everyday lives.

Theory

comes about as the result of many experiments and results. For example, Karl Marx came up with the conflict theory through his many observations of class conflict. Theories are proposed ways of life that are assumed to be true. A theory is a well-establis

Hypothesis

an educated guess or expected result from your study

A theory predicts....

...events in general terms, while a hypothesis makes a specific prediction about a specified set of circumstances.

A theory...

...has been extensively tested and is generally accepted, while a hypothesis is a speculative guess that has yet to be tested.

Paradigm

is a set of propositions that explain how the world is perceived it contains a world view a way of breaking down the complexity of the real world. Paradigms are broad theoretical formulations. They provide us a set of assumptions that help us to find out