sociology
the scientific study of human activity in society.
social forces
anything humans create or take notice of that influence or pressure people to interact, behave, respond, or think in certain ways.
biography
all the day-to-day activities from birth to death that make up a person's death
sociological imagination
a point of view that allows us to identify seemingly remote and impersonal social forces and connect them to our biographies
social facts
ideas, feelings, and ways of behaving "that possess the remarkable property of existing outside the consciousness of the individual
currents of opinion
the state of affairs with regard to some way of being.
troubles
personal needs, problems, or difficulties that can be explained as individual shortcomings related to motivation, attitude, ability, character, or judgement
issue
a matter that can be explained only by factors outside an individual's control and immediate environment
mechanization
the process of replacing human and animal muscle as a source of power with external sources derived from burning wood, coal, oil, and natural gas.
positivism
a theory stating that valid knowledge about the world can be derived only from sense experience or knowing the world through the sense of sight, touch, taste, smell and hearing and from empirical sensations.
social statics
The forces that hold societies together such that they endure over time.
social dynamics
The forces that cause societies to change.
conflict
the major force that drives social change
bourgeoisie
profit driven owners of the means of production
proletariat
those individuals who must sell their labor to the bourgeoisie
solidarity
the system of social ties that connects people to one another and to the wider society. This system of social ties acts as "cement" binding people to each other and the society.
egoistic
A state in which the ties attaching the individual to others in society are weak
altruistic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group are such that he or she has no life beyond the group.
anomic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group are disrupted due to dramatic changes in the economic circumstances
fatalistic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group involve discipline so oppressive it offers no chance of relief
social actions
actions people take in response to others
double consciousness
according to DuBois "this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others, of measuring one's soul by the tape of a world that loos on in amused contempt and pity." Includes two-ness: "an american, a negro, two souls, two thoughts, two un
color line
a barrier supported by customs and laws separating nonwhites from whites, especially with regard to their place in the division of labor.
sympathetic knowledge
firsthand knowledge gained by living and working among those being studied
global interdependence
a situation in which social activity transcends national borders and in which one country's problems- such as unemployment, drug abuse, water shortages, natural disasters, and the search for national security in the face of terrorism- are part of a larger
globalization
Ever-increasing flow of goods, services, money, people, technology, information, and other cultural items across political borders
sociology
the scientific study of human activity in society.
social forces
anything humans create or take notice of that influence or pressure people to interact, behave, respond, or think in certain ways.
biography
all the day-to-day activities from birth to death that make up a person's death
sociological imagination
a point of view that allows us to identify seemingly remote and impersonal social forces and connect them to our biographies
social facts
ideas, feelings, and ways of behaving "that possess the remarkable property of existing outside the consciousness of the individual
currents of opinion
the state of affairs with regard to some way of being.
troubles
personal needs, problems, or difficulties that can be explained as individual shortcomings related to motivation, attitude, ability, character, or judgement
issue
a matter that can be explained only by factors outside an individual's control and immediate environment
mechanization
the process of replacing human and animal muscle as a source of power with external sources derived from burning wood, coal, oil, and natural gas.
positivism
a theory stating that valid knowledge about the world can be derived only from sense experience or knowing the world through the sense of sight, touch, taste, smell and hearing and from empirical sensations.
social statics
The forces that hold societies together such that they endure over time.
social dynamics
The forces that cause societies to change.
conflict
the major force that drives social change
bourgeoisie
profit driven owners of the means of production
proletariat
those individuals who must sell their labor to the bourgeoisie
solidarity
the system of social ties that connects people to one another and to the wider society. This system of social ties acts as "cement" binding people to each other and the society.
egoistic
A state in which the ties attaching the individual to others in society are weak
altruistic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group are such that he or she has no life beyond the group.
anomic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group are disrupted due to dramatic changes in the economic circumstances
fatalistic
a state in which the ties attaching the individual to the group involve discipline so oppressive it offers no chance of relief
social actions
actions people take in response to others
double consciousness
according to DuBois "this sense of always looking at one's self through the eyes of others, of measuring one's soul by the tape of a world that loos on in amused contempt and pity." Includes two-ness: "an american, a negro, two souls, two thoughts, two un
color line
a barrier supported by customs and laws separating nonwhites from whites, especially with regard to their place in the division of labor.
sympathetic knowledge
firsthand knowledge gained by living and working among those being studied
global interdependence
a situation in which social activity transcends national borders and in which one country's problems- such as unemployment, drug abuse, water shortages, natural disasters, and the search for national security in the face of terrorism- are part of a larger
globalization
Ever-increasing flow of goods, services, money, people, technology, information, and other cultural items across political borders