1. Which of the following is a social group?
� A couple married less than one year
� Everyone in your sociology class who has brown hair
� People waiting at Terminal C for Flight 18
� Passengers on Flight 181
� Microsoft stockholders
A couple married less than one year.
2. Which of the following arrangements facilitate relationships and social interaction?
� The economic homogeneity of gated communities, where like-minded people relate to one another.
� The universal planning architecture of the 1980s and early 1990s wor
Diverse and multifunction communities with extensive street traffic.
3. The rich and varied group life of societies reflects:
� How we conform to the wishes of transformative leaders
� Our need to congregate and belong.
� How we resist governments.
� Our natural tendency to exclude others.
� That most people do not have a
Our need to congregate and belong.
4. Which of the following is a social aggregate?
� An unmarried couple who have been living together for less than one year
� Middle-class Asian American women
� Waiting at Terminal C for Flight 181
� Your family
� All of the above
Waiting at Terminal C for Flight 181.
*5. For a reference group to be effective, it must meet which of the following criteria?
� The group must have active members.
� It must be considered a primary group.
� The group members must interact.
� Group members must spend five to ten hours a month
Group members must identify with each other or the group's goal.
6. When 3 best friends�Jose, Martin, and George�get together every Friday night Jose usually decides what the group will do. However, one night when Jose said he wanted to go bowling Martin and George told Jose that they decided the group was going to the
Revolutionary coalitions.
7. Rupert is the president and CEO of a multinational corporation. The corporation has made a substantial profit since Rupert's presidency. What type of leader is Rupert?
� Bureaucratic
� Transactional
� Transformational
� Network
� Mechanistic
Transactional.
8. Milgram's experiment on obedience to authority occurred more than forty years ago. Scientists do not replicate Milgram's experiment and update the findings because:
� More students are working away from campus and would not be available to participate.
Universities have installed greater research protocols to protect subjects.
9. The Internet fosters the creation of relationships that often do not come with the emotional and social baggage or constraints that are involved in traditional face-to-face interactions. This allows participants to:
� Offer and receive support that peo
All of the above.
10. The music market study demonstrated that groups have the influence to shape:
� How we think about others' musical choices.
� Our personal taste and decisions regarding music.
� How music companies limit our music choices.
� How the Internet has hurt s
Our personal taste and decisions regarding music.
1. Durkheim argues that deviance allows us to understand the standards of a society. What solution to deviance does he propose?
� Eliminate all deviance through social cohesion.
� Keep deviance in acceptable boundaries.
� Allow deviance to flourish and it
Keep deviance in acceptable boundaries.
2. When a professor is delivering a lecture and some students begin to whisper back and forth, the professor may stop the lecture and remain silent. The professor's behavior is an example of:
� Deviant behavior
� Role playing
� Civil inattention
� Negativ
Negative sanction.
3. Functionalist theories emphasize connections between conformity and deviance in different social contexts. A common criticism of this approach, however, is that:
� There is no sense in connecting the macrosociological to the microsociological.
� Most p
Most people adjust their aspirations to their reality, and functionalists tend to presume everyone has middle-class values.
*4. Ted Kaczynski (the Unabomber) engaged in a mail bombing spree that spanned nearly twenty years, killing three people and injuring twenty-three others. In 1971, he moved to a remote cabin without electricity or running water, in Lincoln, Montana, where
Retreatist.
5. Merton's functional analysis of deviance and crime addressed one of the pressing questions in the study of deviance. He focused on the issue that society has become much more affluent but crime rates continue to rise. Merton responded to this quandary
Emphasizing the contrast between rising aspirations and persistent inequalities; he focused on a sense of relative deprivation.
6. Which of the following is an example of a sociological explanation for deviant behavior?
� The physical characteristics of criminals help explain their behavior: for example, large, muscular men are more likely to commit crimes than smaller, thinner me
Criminal behavior arises when people associate with deviants and learn their norms.
7. Which of the following explanations for NOT cheating on this exam is supported by control theory?
� None of your friends cheat, so you never really learned how to cheat.
� You know that cheating is morally reprehensible.
� You always receive an "A" on
You sit in the front of the class and are afraid of getting caught.
*8. Which of the following most accurately describes the number of people in U.S. prisons?
� Because of the excellent job the prisons are doing in rehabilitating inmates, the number of people incarcerated in the United States continues to decline.
� The U
The proportion of people in U.S. prisons is at least five times that of western European countries.
9. Sexual minorities experience a high incidence of violent crime and harassment. More often than not they are perceived as being deserving of crime rather than innocent victims. This is because:
� Gay and lesbian relationships are seen as belonging to th
Gay and lesbian relationships are seen as belonging to the private realm, and some people believe they should not display their homosexual identities in public.
10. Why has illegal drug use in the United States continued to escalate even though billions of dollars have been spent to curb its use?
� Some people are genetically deviant, and their numbers are growing as more and more people become addicted to drugs.
The profits from drugs are so high and the ease of moving the drugs and money across global areas is so great that more drugs are being sold.
1. Which of the following is true of all systems of social stratification?
� If a person no longer identifies with the other members of his category, he is no longer classified at that level.
� A person's life chances are significantly influenced by his p
A person's life chances are significantly influenced by his position.
2. Which of the following is an example of a caste system?
� Requiring Jewish families to live in a separate part of European cities, known as a ghetto.
� Giving political and economic rights in South Africa only to people who were genetically completely
All of the above.
3. Which of the following statements about class systems is NOT accurate?
� The boundaries between classes are very clear-cut.
� Class systems are fluid.
� Class positions are in some part achieved.
� Class is economically based.
� Class systems are imper
The boundaries between classes are very clear-cut.
4. Which of the following best explains the relationship between wealth and income?
� While income is influenced by race, education, and age, wealth is independent of these variables.
� Wealthy people almost always inherited their money; thus there is no
The same factors that limit people's incomes also limit their ability to accumulate wealth.
5. How has globalization contributed to the increasing inequality in American society?
� Some companies have lowered wages to compete with other companies that use cheaper third world labor.
� Globalization has encouraged immigration to the United States,
All of the above.
6. People working in blue-collar or pink-collar occupations make up the:
� Lower middle class.
� Upper middle class.
� Old middle class.
� New middle class.
� Working class.
Working class.
7. In which class does the family income just cover basic living expenses and perhaps a summer vacation?
� Lower middle class.
� Upper middle class.
� Old middle class.
� New middle class.
� Working class.
Working class.
8. What factor accounts for racial disparities in wealth and income?
� Education.
� Parents' social class.
� Discrimination.
� All of the above.
� None of the above.
All of the above.
9. Who among the following is most likely to experience intergenerational mobility?
� The child of a university president.
� The child of two university professors.
� The child of a high school teacher.
� The child of a school cafeteria worker.
� The chil
The child of a high school teacher.
10. Which of the following would NOT be considered cultural capital?
� Reading to your child and encouraging her educational endeavors.
� Sending your children to summer camp.
� Having your child work at a fast-food restaurant after school.
� Living in th
Having your child work at a fast-food restaurant after school.
1. The ________ are regions of the world that apply technology invented elsewhere in their own production and consumption systems.
�Technology innovators
�Technology adopters
�Technologically disconnected
�Technologically discombobulated
�None of the abov
Technology adopters.
2. Which of the following is one explanation for the persistence of global economic inequality?
� People in low-income countries lack a strong Protestant work ethic.
� As the technology gap between countries widens, it is more difficult to eliminate pover
As the technology gap between countries widens, it is more difficult to eliminate poverty.
3. The countries of the former Soviet Union began to industrialize in the late twentieth century. Since then, their standard of living has:
� Increased dramatically
� Increased somewhat
� Decreased
� Stayed the same
� Become equal to that of the United St
Decreased.
4. Which of the following best describes the health conditions in high- and low-income countries?
� While the services available in high-income countries are more accessible, the life expectancy is similar in both groups.
� Infant mortality is more than t
Infant mortality is more than ten times higher in low-income countries.
5. There is significant evidence that the high rates of HIV/AIDS infections in African countries reflect the:
� Lack of willingness of African people to practice safe sex.
� Lack of willingness of African people to get medical treatment.
� Already weakene
Already weakened health these people experience due to malnourishment, poor water, and other infectious diseases.
*6. In what way has the AIDS epidemic contributed to global hunger and food shortages?
� Too many people of prime working age are dying of the disease.
� Most of the AIDS cases are found in low-income countries.
� Countries with the highest rate of AIDS a
All of the above.
7. According to sociologists, education is important for economic development. With what reason(s) do they argue for expanded educational access?
� Educated workers can become skilled workers for high-wage industries.
� Education is a reliable avenue for
All of the above.
8. Neoliberalism argues that global free trade will enable all countries to prosper and therefore it is necessary to:
� Continue to promote the logic of growth.
� Eliminate all governmental regulation and disavow a minimum wage and other labor laws.
� Loa
Eliminate all governmental regulation and disavow a minimum wage and other labor laws.
9. Which theory would best fit this statement: "Low-income countries are not underdeveloped, they are misdeveloped.":
� World-systems theory
� Market-oriented theory
� Dependency theory
� State-centered theory
� Conflict theory
Dependency theory.
10. Which theory uses the concept of global commodity chains to describe how manufacturing has become globalized?
� World-systems theory
� Market-oriented theory
� Neoliberalism theory
� State-centered theory
� Modernization theory
World-systems theory.
1. Some sociologists argue that women are just as aggressive as men, but women display a different style of aggression that is consistent with gender norms. For women in the United States this is called:
� Interpersonal aggression
� Feminized aggression
�
Interpersonal aggression.
2. Which of the following assumptions is (are) commonly held about women and work?
� Women are naturally better in support positions in office settings than in managerial positions.
� Women have natural leadership skills that are best displayed in emergen
Women are naturally better in support positions in office settings than in managerial positions.
3. Which of the following is a criticism of the human capital theory made by feminist sociologists?
� Due to childhood socialization in traditional gender roles, women are not as free to choose their occupations as the theory suggests.
� Women are prevent
All of the above.
4. When businesses such as State Farm Insurance and Wal-Mart deny women the ability to advance in their companies, the textbook refers to these companies as:
� Being workplace gatekeepers.
� Equitable places for women to work
� Practicing sound management
Being workplace gatekeepers.
5. Which of the following has been offered as a sociological explanation for the gap between women's and men's work in the home?
� Women do most of the housework in exchange for economic support from men.
� Men do the jobs that give them the most control
All of the above.
6. What do sociologists mean when they refer to the "second shift" for working women?
� The shift of women workers from industrial jobs to service jobs.
� The movement of women from teaching primary grades to high school or secondary teaching.
� The fact
The burden of housework that awaits a woman when she returns home from work.
7. In what way(s) do teachers show a bias against girls in the classroom?
� Teachers punish girls more often for their misbehavior, whereas boys' bad behaviors are more generally tolerated.
� Teachers provide girls with the correct answers, whereas they h
Teachers provide girls with the correct answers, whereas they help boys solve the problems.
*8. In what way(s) is the plight of American women similar to that of women in less-industrialized countries?
� When a woman is employed, she has more options for ending an unhappy marriage through divorce.
� Education provides one of the best opportuniti
All of the above.
9. Which of the following statements accurately describes the political status of women in the United States?
� Equal rights for women is important in American ideology, which explains why the United States leads the world in the number of women participa
The percentage of women in the U.S. Congress is similar to the percentage of women in national assemblies throughout the world.
10. Which perspective focuses on the interaction of race, class, and gender in the disadvantages faced by women?
� Liberal feminism
� Radical feminism
� Black feminism
� Parsonian functionalism
� Marxism
Black feminism.