Treatment for dermatitis herpetiformis
dapsone and gluten-free diet
Ober test
Iliotibial band contraction
pt on side and lifts and extends leg
Patrick test
FABERE
test for
OA of the hip
joint
Neer test
subacromial impingement
Hawkins test
Pain indicates
rotator cuff tear or impingement
. Flex elbow to 90 degrees and abduct the arm to ninety and internally rotate humerus.
Braggard's Test
pain on dorsiflexion = disc lesion or
sciatica
erythema multiform
Seen with HSV and with drug reactions
Mycosis fungiodes presentation?
Skin patches or plaques that are cutaneous T cell lymphoma with atypical CD4+ cells
Thomas Test
hip flexor tightness
Lachman's Test
ACL tear
Necrobiosis lipoidica
death of fat cells, skin discoloration (purple, brownish); complaints on shins (pretibial erythematous papules)
associated with diabetes
treatment for sporotrichosis
oral itraconazole
Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis pathophysiology
widespread apoptosis of keritinocytes
P. acnes
anaerobic gram + bacillus
Trichophyton rubrum
tinea corporis (dermatophyte)
Lichen planus - characteristics and treatment
P's: Purple, polygonal, pruritic, papules, phlexural
Topical steroids > oral (if topicals don't work)
Tacrolimus if in the genital area
Diagnostic test and treatment of BPPV
*D*ix Hallpike =
D
D
ix Hallpike = *D*iagnose
E
pley's maneuver = Erase
Kerion
Severe form of tinea capitus, erythematous scaly plaque with or without oozing and crusting
Anterior fontanelle becomes...
Bregma
When do you give PEP with hep A vaccine?
If >12 months old and have known exposure within the past 2 weeks, but do NOT have acute symptoms.
If develop acute symptoms, treatment is symptomatic care. Self-limiting illness with good prognosis
When is betamethasone used for pregnancy?
When GA <34 weeks and labor or induction of labor is indicated
In a patient diagnosed with GDM, what medications should you use if exercise and diet fail?
Insulin or glyburide
(metformin is avoided since it can cross the placental barrier and lead to hypoglycemia)
Benefit of using mirtazapine in MDD?
Has beneficial side effect of weight gain and sedation (useful if patient has weight loss and insomnia with MDD)
Classic history finding in spinal stenosis
Relieved with leaning forward, worsens with standing/walking (forward opens the spinal cord, and leaning back leads to further impingement and irritation of the nerves)
What medications do you administer post-MI? What if stent is placed?
ACE-i, beta blocker, statin, ASA
If stent placed- add clopidogrel
Antitode for benzodiazepine overdose
flumazenil
What tests should you get prior to starting lithium
BUN/Cr, UPT, thyroid
(nephrogenic DI, Ebstein's anomaly, hypothyroidism)
Coccidiomycosis
San Joaquin Valley fever, endemic fungus in deserts of southwest (worsens with earthquakes)
Respiratory symptoms most common
Erythema nodosum is a common finding
Spherules with endospores
Tx: lung azoles vs amphotericin B + azoles if systemic
Normal ABI
1-1.2
3/sec spike and wave pattern on EEG
absence seizure
what type of collagen is messed up in OI? E.D?
OI = type I collagen
ED = type III collagen
Avoidant personality disorder
A personality disorder characterized by consistent discomfort and restraint in social situations, overwhelming feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation.
Different from schizoid where they have few friends and don't want any.
Treatment for acute gout
indomethacin
Treatment for PSGN?
supportive care; most often results in full recovery
Mechanism of allergic contact dermatitis
protein haptenation
(causes red, itchy, scaly patches)
Mechanism of hives
mast cell activation
Treatment of nephrogenic DI
restrict salt and increase water intake, can use thiazide diuretics (i.e. amiloride)
What medication slows the progression of ALS?
Riluzole
Bronze diabetes
hereditary hemochromatosis
In hereditary hemochromatosis, you will have ____ transferrin
elevated
Triad of hereditary hemochromatosis
Diabetes, hepatic cirrhosis, skin hyperpigmentation
Elevated AMA
PBC
Mycobacterium tuberculosis meningitis
markedly elevated protein, reduced glucose, lymphocytes
Treatment for neisseria meningitis
vancomycin, ceftriaxone, steroids (have shown to have mortality benefit when used with antibiotics); and then rifampin for close contacts.
What liver finding can happen with OCP use? treatment?
Finding: hepatic adenoma
Treatment: leave if <5cm and asymptomatic; resect if >5cm or symptomatic
Treatment for mono
supportive (ibuprofen)
Lab value for heparin
PTT
Treatment for akathesia?
Feeling of restlessness
Treatment: beta blockers or benztropine; if caused by antipsychotics, first reduce the dose. If that doesn't work, switch to another medication
CLL presentation
Usually asymptomatic ; can present with painless cervical lymphadenopathy; proliferation of mature lymphocytes, but incompetent.
smudge cells
Lymphocytes + CD5
Treatment for AOM?
Amoxicillin (or azithromycin) for 10days. If no improvement in 2-3 days, switch to amox-clav
Ibuprofen or acetaminophen for pain control
When are tympanostomy tubes indicated?
-at least 3 episodes in 6 months
-4 episodes in 12 months with persistent effusion
Treatment of typanostomy tube otorrhea?
topical antibiotics (ofloxacin OR cipro-dexamethasone)
Treatment of pyelonephritis
antibiotics - ceftriaxone OR cefepime
Which adults should be vaccinated for Hep A?
Those who work in close contact with kids, from endemic areas
Traveling to endemic area
MSM
IVDU
Which adults should be vaccinated for Hep B?
- sexually active with multiple partners
- HCW
- IVDU
Which adults should be vaccinated with HPV?
- b/w 11-12 yo
- can be given between 13-26 if they have not received
- can also be given up to age 45 if have thusfar been negative for HPV and have potential to contract
When do you give the herpes zoster vaccine?
-age 50
Who should receive the pneumococcal vaccine?
-
> 65 yo
should receive one time the 23 polyvalent vaccine.
-get revaccinated 5 years later.
-
Anyone > 19 yo with certain co-morbid conditions
- h/o lung disease
-chronic heart, liver, lung (including asthma), and kidney disease
-asplenia (eg sickle cel