Population
individuals need space and resources and produce waste
Affluence
per capita resource use
Technology
allows increased exploitation of resources (but can also reduce our impact)
The IPAT model
Our total impact on the environment results from the interaction of population, affluence, and technology.
doubling time
how long it will take for a country's current population to double (determined by dividing 70 by the growth rate)
Growth rate
immigration and reproduction - emigration and death/year
Basic human needs
Drinkable Water, edible food, safe housing, health care, an education, a job
Natural rate of population change
population change due to birth and death rates alone
Epidemiologic Transition
Death rate has decreased due to health in developed countries
Fertility Transition
Birth rates have declined in developed countries
CBR
Crude birth rates
CDR
Crude death rates
Phase 1
Primitive stability - high CBR & high CDR
Phase 2
Declining CDR & CBR remain high
Phase 3
Declining CBR
Phase 4
Modern stability - low CBR & low CDR