Bantu migrations

Series of migrations caused by changes in environment

Kingdom of Nubia

Also called Kush, Nile civilization in south of Africa, adopted Egyptian traditions from conquest and trade, moved capital to Meroe, a trade center, invaded by kingdom of Axum

North Africa

Ruled by Greeks then Romans, Islam replaced Christianity, global trade network

Kingdoms of West Africa

Farming, trade across Sahara, camel caravans, gold and salt

Kingdom of Ghana

United farming villages, "land of gold", Muslims establish Islam, declines from a rising power, the kingdom of Mali, first African nation south of Sahara to win independence, Kwame Nkrumah, Jerry Rawlings improves empire

Kingdom of Mali

Emperor Mansa Musa expanded borders, journeyed Mecca to fulfill the hajj

Kingdom of Songhai

Largest state in West Africa, Timbuktu, civil war splintered the empire

The Five Kingdoms of Africa

Nubia, Axum, Ghana, Mali, Songhai

Nuclear family

Parents and children living and working together

Griots

Storytellers in West Africa

Kwame Nkrumah

President of Ghana, supported socialism, caused corrupt and dictatorial government

Kenya

Struggled with arms, Kikuyu (largest group), Jomo Kenyatta called for black majority, Mau Mau, corruption

Algeria

Huge population, struggle for independence from Vietnam, set up National Liberation Front, oil and gas resources, conflict between military and Islamists

Democratic Republic of Congo

Rain forest and savannah in central Africa, civil war caused Katanga to break away, Colonel Joseph Mobutu harsh rule was forced out

Nigeria

Largest population, Biafra, oil exports