Geography
the study of everything on Earth
Perspective
the way a person looks at something
Spatial Perspective
geographers observe physical and human characteristics of our planet as they vary over space to explain what they see
Landscapes
The scenery of places, which includes physical, human, and cultural features
Cartography
study of maps and map taking
Meteorology
Study of weather
Region
An area with one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas (Ex: cities,states,countries)
Human Geography
Looks at the distribution and characteristics of the worlds people(Ex: where they live, their way of life, or how they make things)
Physical geography
focuses on Earth's natural environments(Ex: landforms, animals)
Physical Features of a Region
climate, river systems, etc.
Human Features of a Region
Language, religion, etc.
Formal Region
Has one or more common features that make it different from surrounding areas(Defined by: population, crops, income levels, and rainfall)
Functional Region
made up of different places that are linked together and function as a unit
Perceptual Region
Involves human perception and reflect human feelings and attitudes
Globe
A pattern conversed of lines that run in east-west and north-south directions on a grid
Latitude
East and West (left and right)Also known as parallels
Longitude
North and south (up and down)Also known as meridians
Equator
Imaginary line that circles the globe halfway between Earths North and South Pole.Also divides earth into the northern and Southern Hemisphere.
Prime Meridian
Line drawn from North to South Pole
Absolute location
Exactly where it is on a map
Relative location
Directions like north, south, east, and west are used to help describe where one place is in relation to another
Great circle Route
Shortest route between any two places on the planet
Distance scale
Helps determine real distance between points on a map
Contiguous
Connecting or bordering
Precipitation
rain, snow, sleet, or hail that falls to the ground.
Location, Place, regions, movement, Human-Environment Interaction
5 Themes of Geography
Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, Southern
5 Oceans
Population Maps
shows the population of an area
Economic Maps
show an area's natural resources
Topography Map
Shows elevation in areas
Climate Map
Shows the temperature and climate of an area
Population Pyramid
shows the distribution of population by age and sex