density
the number of things - people, animals or objects - in a certain area
Distance Decay
a principle stating that the farther one thing is from another, the less interaction the two things will have.
friction of distance
a concept that states that the longer a journey is, the more time, effort, and cost it will involve
Human Geography
the study of the processed that have shaped how humans understand, use, and alter Earth
mental map
internalized representations of portions of Earth's surface
Physical Geography
the study of natural processes and the distribution of features in the environment, such as landforms, plants, animals, soil and climate
place
a location on earth that is distinguished by its physical and human characteristics
possibilism
theory of human-environment interaction that states that humans have the ability to adapt the physical environment to their needs
site
a places absolute location, as well as its physical characteristics, such as landforms, climate. resources
core
classification of a county or region that has wealth, higher education levels, more advanced technologies, many resources, strong militaries, and powerful allies
situatione
location of a place in relation to other places or surrounding features
Spatial Perspective
geographic perspective that focuses on how people live o earth, how they organize themselves, and why the events of human societies occur where they do
time-space compression
a key geographic principle that describes the ways in which modern transportation and communication technology have allowed humans to travel and communicate over long distances quicker and easier
Ecologic perspective
the relationships between living things and there environment
formal region
an area that has one or more shared traits
GIS
a computer system that that allows for the collection, organization, and display of geographic data for analysis
globalization
the expansion of economic, cultural, and political processes on a worldwide scale
node
the focal point of a functional region
pattern
the way in which things are arranged in a particular place
periphery
classification of a country or a region that has less wealth, lower education2 levels, and lass sophisticated technologies and also tends to have an unstable government and poor healthcare systems
perceptual
a type of region that reflects people's feelings and attitudes about a place, also called a vernacular region
region
an area of Earth's surface with certain characteristics that makes it cohesive yet distinct from other areas
remote sensing
collecting or analyzing data from a location without making physical contact
semi-periphery
classification of a country or region that has qualities of both core and peripheral areas and is often in the process of industrializing
world systems theory
theory describing the spatial and functional relationships between countries in the world economy, categorizes countries as part of a hierarchy consisting of the core, periphery, and semi periphery
thematic maps
any map that focuses on one or more variables to show a relationship between geographic data
topography
the representation of Earth's surface to show natural and human-made features, especially their relative positions and elevations
Mercator Projection
size is distorted around the poles
Galls-Peters Projection
shape is projected
Robinson Projection
- curved meridians - size is distorted near the poles and edges
Azimuthal projection
distance is distortedshape is distorted
reference maps
a map that focuses on the location of a place
relative distance
distance determined in relation to other places or objects
relative direction
direction based of perspective: left, right, backwards, forwards
absolute distance
distance that can be measured using a standard unit of length
absolute direction
the cardinal directions; north, east, south, west
graduated symbol map
Uses a circle that gets larger or smaller based on the distribution of data