the process of working in a unified intellectual effort on a joint project
collaboration
human thought and lifestyle within a certain time period or place
culture
book written by Karl Marx promoting the working class uprising; a text for Marxism and communism
Das Kapital
instructions and guidelines for life, believed to have been delivered by God
divine laws
a system of moral values and good conduct
ethics
at the time of the Middle Ages Europe (about A.D. 500-1500)
medieval
one who tries to create radical change in government and existing political, social, or business structures
revolutionary
the study of religion
theology
Human thought and lifestyle within a certain time period or place is known as a ______.
culture
What are some accomplishments of Aristotle?
- Assisting in the early education of Alexander the Great- Writing Nichomachean Ethics
______ was born in Greece in 384 B.C.
Aristotle
Friedrich Engels, though from a well-to-do family, established himself as a ______.
revolutionary
Aristotle's theory of a person's "function" said that ____.
great personal fulfillment is achieved when a person is given the freedom to pursue that person's dreams.
Which work was attributed to Thomas Aquinas?
On Kingship
The Communist Manifesto encouraged the working classes by stating that _____.
- a classless society would come after a brief proletariat dictatorship- the government would provide all farm-workers with jobs.- private education would be abolished.
The strange thing about Engels' writings is that, although they spoke of the uprising of the common worker, his writings were used by some of the most _______ governments of the last century.
opressive
book by Karl Marx urging workers to overthrow upper classes; textbook for communism and socialism
The Communist Manifesto
political system of collective ownership of property; population is of one class
communism
one who disagrees or has a difference of opinion
dissenter
political system in which the government allows citizens to own private businesses for profit
free-enterprise system
John Milton's writing on the advantage of a commonwealth to a monarchy
Of Reformation in England
basic rules or standards
principals
a revival of art and learning that arose from the 14th to 16th centuries.
Renaissance
one who studies individual relationships within society and relationships to society
social scientist
a system where political power and property are to be shared by the whole population
socialism
being answerable to others.
accountability
an elected legislative body of a country.
Congress
a set of laws and guidelines for the governing of a country.
constitution
one of two houses of congress found in a presidential government.
house of representatives
a body of elected officials that is empowered to make laws for a country.
legislature
to surpass a veto.
override
government with a prime minister and two houses of parliament elected by the people.
parliamentary
a government headed by a president, with two houses of congress elected by the people.
presidential
a country whose government is controlled by the elected representatives of the population.
republic
rejection of a bill passed by the legislature.
veto
The president is elected to serve for ______ year(s).
four
_____ power enables the president to reject a bill passed by the legislature.
veto
The two houses of Congress are the _____ and the _____.
house of representatives, senate
If the president vetoes a bill, it can still become law if Congress overrides the president's veto with a ______majority.
two-thirds
Members of the Supreme Court are appointed for _______.
life
Which government entity is the part of our checks and balances system that decides whether a law is within the guidelines of the Constitution?
supreme court
The people of America do NOT vote for ____.
Supreme Court justices
local geographic boundaries within which the citizen votes
electoral districts
the people of the country voting for the members of the House of Commons
general election
oversees law and tax legislation; the more powerful of the two houses of Parliament
House of Commons
contains the High Court; also called the "upper house," composed of the lords temporal and spiritual
House of Lords
the charging of a public official of a crime or misdeed before a judging body of officials
impeachment
system of courts and the upholding of the laws of the land
judiciary system
largest percentage of the whole body which, by vote, controls the direction of legislation
majority
meeting site of both Houses of the British Parliament
Palace of Westminster
the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons
Prime Minister
supremacy of rule; higher authority
sovereignty
Great Britain has a _____ form of government.
parliamentary
The members of the House of Lords who have been given seats through an honored achievement they have accomplished are called _____.
life peers
What are the names of the houses of England's Parliament?
house of commons and house of lords
One similarity between the Supreme Court and The House of Lords is that they _____.
are both appointed for life
The leader in majority party in the House of Commons is usually the _____.
prime minister
A Prime Minister differs from a President in which of the following ways?
- A President is elected by the general public, and a Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in the House of Commons.- A President is elected every four years, whereas Parliamentary elections are held every five years.- A Prime Minister can be ousted by a vote of "no confidence" by her/his party's parliamentary ministers.
The House of Lords powers are limited to _____.
reviewing and examining bills that are passed by the House of Commons.
Parliamentary general elections _____.
elect members of the house of Commons and House of Lords
In the 1300's, the British Parliament presided over the _______ of Edward II and Richard II.
abdications
During the 19th century the House of Commons moved away from the monarchy and became _____.
democratic
action taken to strengthen or weaken a political ideal
activism
an appallingly terrible act
atrocity
a supreme ruler with absolute power; usually a demanding and harsh ruler
dictator
ruling political party in Mexico from 1929 to 2000
Institutional Revolutionary Party
Communist regime in Cambodia that brutally seized power in 1975 and controlled the country until 1979
Khmer Rouge
a smaller party with not as much political clout or election support
minority party
a governmental course of action
policy
Most one-party systems are often associated with ______.
dictatorships
Which type of government best describes the Khmer Rouge of Cambodia?
communist
The Communist Party was the only legal party in the Soviet Union and approximately ____ percent of the people belonged to the party.
nine
What two statements that agree with Mexican politics?
- Mexico actually has several small political parties.- Mexico's Institutional Revolutionary Party was in control since the 1920s.
Which country had a one-party system for seventy-one years?
Mexico
Which of the following does the Communist Party do through its party organization?
- recruits members and leaders- develops policy- indoctrinates the people- maintains discipline
The 2000 elections in ______ were significant because the Institutional Revolutionary Party (known as the ______) lost the presidency.
Mexico, PRI
what are five other nations with a multiparty system of government?
- France- Belgium- Sri Lanka- Denmark- Japan
Most multiparty systems include a few left-wing parties, which hold ______ views, some center parties, which have ______ views, and a few right-wing parties, which support _______ views.
liberal, moderate, conservative
power and/or right to enforce obedience and make decisions over a group
authority
exchange of goods by purchase, trade, or sale
commerce
government formed by a union of smaller groups (states) in agreement
federal
system of authority over a group of people
government
goods brought into a country or state for the purpose of trade
import
that which cannot be felt by touching, immaterial
intangible
authorization by law
license
to control, adjust or govern according to a system
regulate
that which can be felt by touch, material
tangible
systems of taxes placed on imports or exports of a country
tariff
a service to the public such as water or electric power
utilities
what do local governments do?
- creation of mass transportation, libraries, local parks, and town streets. - create intangible laws and ordinances for the welfare of citizens. ex: quiet areas, town curfew.
what do state governments do?
- create state parks/recreation areas, maintaining public utilities, construction, and licensing.
what do federal governments do?
-create/handle money, armed forces, taxes, mail system, and commerce.
what are the three levels of government?
local, state, and federal.
government is important because ______.
they enforces rules that control conduct within a population.
The _______ government is the only level of American government that has the right to coin money.
federal
how does the government raise revenue?
- tax on individual's income, 50% of total revenue comes from this source.- capital taxes paid by businesses- sales tax when purchasing items- excise tax on specific products like alcohol, cigarettes, and gas.
three types of income tax?
Progressive, regressive, and proportional.
NAFTA established a community to promote ______ among countries that have common economic and political interests in North America.
trade
T or F The state government has the right to make and enforce laws within their home state.
true
T or F Towns can create and maintain local parks.
true
T or F Public utilities include telephone and electricity supplied to the citizen.
True
T or F Local governments help the citizen by creating libraries, such as in the town of Delmar, Delaware.
True
T or F Only the federal government has the right to regulate mass transportation.
False
T or F The local government has sole responsibility for licensing businesses.
False
What actions are tangible evidence the federal government at work?
protecting wildlife in our national parks, printing money, protecting the Florida coastline from illegal smuggling
examples of utilities that serve the people.
telephone, electric power, and water.
privileged citizens or the upper class, often with inherited ruling titles
aristocracy
rule by the people; originally an Aristotelian term that meaning a poorly "people-run" government
democracy
the right to exercise authority
jurisdiction
hereditary rule by one person alone; usually a king, queen, or emperor
monarchy
principle or ideal of what is right and wrong
morality
selfish group leadership, as defined by Aristotle
oligarchy
a learned person who in the study of thought and conduct
philosopher
a form of government where the public has input in the various areas of interest of the country
pluralism
Aristotle's definition of a good government run by the people
polity
authoritarian government requiring complete obedience and total submission of the people
totalitarianism
unjust governmental authority; oppressive power
tyranny
what are the three types of government in Aristotle's claim?
one person rules, a few people rule, many rule
who is known as the father of political science?
Aristotle
The character of being in agreement with the standards of right conduct _____.
morality
A form of government where the leadership have little or no control over the populace.
anarchism
Which government passes laws in order to protect the rights of its citizens?
pluralism
Which government is known for the elimination of personal freedom?
totalitarianism
one person with complete control over all branches of government
autocracy
a system of leaders who carry out the work of the government through the use of departments
bureaucracy
a leader who has total control over a country, and is unrestrained by law.
dictator
pupils who got o another country to study its culture for a set amount of time, usually a year.
foreign exchange student
an order to bring an arrested person to court and decide whether the imprisonment is legal.
habeas corpus
the act of disobedience
insubordination
a proposed law
legislation
to hate or abhor
loathe
inflexible; refusing to yield.
unrelenting
a country in which the government assumes a large share of a social care taking of the people.
welfare state
a system providing welfare benefits after showing proof of working in a regular job.
workfare
This leader has total control over a country, and is unrestrained by law:
dictator
_____ was a Ugandan dictator.
Amin
The California leadership considered a proposal that would build a canal to bring water to the southern part of the state. The system of California leaders who carried out the work of the state government is known as a:
bureaucracy
If _______ did not exist, a person could spend an indefinite period of time in jail waiting for their case to go to trial.
habeas corpus
In this type of government, one person has control over all government branches:
autocracy
Louis XVI was an autocrat that ruled _____.
France
If George Washington had become "King of America," our government might have become _____.
an autocracy