NCLEX - Study Points 1

DO NOT delegate what you can...EAT (Acronym)

E
valuate,
A
ssess,
T
each

Addison's Disease

(Remember:
DOWN, DOWN, DOWN, UP, DOWN
)
- HYPOnatremia, HYPOtension, DECREASED blood volume, HYPERkalemia, and HYPOglycemia

Cushing's Disease

(Remember:
UP, UP, UP, DOWN, UP
)
- HYPERnatremia, HYPERtension, INCREASED blood volume, HYPOkalemia, HYPERglycemia

No PEE, No ??

K+; DO NOT give Potassium without adequate urine output.

Increased perfusion for VEINS and ARTERIES

Ele*V*ate
V
eins (*Think V,V*) and D*A*ngle *A*rteries.
V
*V*ate *V*eins (
Think V,V
) and D*A*ngle
A
A
*V*ate *V*eins (*Think V,V*) and D*A*ngle *A*rteries. (
Think A,A
)

APGAR: A (1st A)

Appearance - color pink/pink and blue/blue [pale]

APGAR: P

Pulse - >100/<100/Absent

APGAR: G

Grimace - cough/grimace/no response

APGAR: A (2nd A)

Activity - flexed/flaccid/limp

APAGR: R

Respirations - strong cry/weak cry/absent

AIRBORN Transmission Precautions: MTV

M
= Measles
T
= Tuberculosis
V
= Varicella (Chicken Pox)/Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
Remember: Private room w/ negative pressure w/ 6 - 12 air exchange/hr AND MASK.
N95
mask for TB.

DROPLET Precautions: SPIDERMAN (Some letters are repeated consecutively)

S
= Sepsis
S
= Scarlet Fever
S
= Streptococcal Pharyngitis
P
= Paravirus B19
P
= Pneumonia
P
= Pertussis
I
= Influenza
D
= Diptheria (Pharyngeal)
E
= Epiglottitis
R
= Rubella
M
= Mumps
M
= Meningitis
M
= Mycoplasma or Meningeal Pneumonia
AN
= Adenovirus
R

CONTACT Precautions: MRS WEE

M
= Multidrug Resistant Organism
R
= Respiratory Infection
S
= Skin Infections
W
= Wound Infections
E
= Enteric Infection (Clostridium Difficile)
E
= Eye Infections (Conjunctivitis)

SKIN Infections: V CHIPS

V
= Varicella
C
= Cutaneous Diptheria
H
= Herepes Zoster
I
= Impetigo
P
= Pediculosis
S
= Scabies

Air/Pulmonary Embolism: S&S and Care

S&S Include: chest pain, difficulty breathing, tachycardia, pale/cyanotic, sense of impending doom.
Care: turn patient to the
LEFT SIDE
and
LOWER
the head of the bed

Woman in Labor w/ NON-Reassuring FHR: S&S and Care

S&S Include: late decelerations, decreased variability, fetal bradycardia, etc.
Care: turn on
LEFT SIDE
(also give O2, stop pitocin and increase fluids)

Tube Feeding w/ DECREASED LOC: Care

Care Includes: Position pt on
right side
(this promotes emptying of the stomach) with the HOB
elevated
(to prevent aspiration)

During Epidural Puncture: Care

Care Includes: position the patient
SIDE LYING

After a Lumbar Puncture (also an Oil Based Myelogram): Care

Care Includes: patient lies
FLAT/SUPINE
(This is done to prevent headache and leaking of CSF)

Heat Stroke: Care

Care Includes: Lie
FLAT
w/ legs
Elevated

After an Myringotomy: Care

Care Includes: Position patient on the side of the
affected
ear after surgery. (This allows drainage of secretions)

After Cataract Surgery: Care

Care Includes: The patient will sleep on the
unaffected
side with a night shield for 1 - 4 weeks.

After Thyroidectomy: Care

Care Includes: Position
LOW
or
semi - fowlers
, support the head, neck and shoulders.

Infant w/ Spina Bifidia: Care

Care includes: Position
prone
(on abdomen) so the sac does not rupture.

Buck's Traction (Skin Traction): Care

Care Includes: Elevate the foot of the bed for counter-traction.

After Total Hip Replacement: Care

Care Includes: Don't sleep on the operated side; don't flex hip for more than 45 - 60 degrees, don't elevate HOB more than 45 degrees. Also maintain hip
ABDUCTION
by separating thighs with pillows.

Prolapsed Cord: Care

Care Includes: Knee to Chest position OR Trendelenburg

Infant w/ Cleft Lip: Care

Care Includes: Position on the back or in an infant seat to prevent trauma to the suture line. While feeding, hold in the upright position.

To Prevent Dumping Syndrome: Care

(Post-Operatvie Ulcer/Stomach Surgeries)
Care Includes: Eat in the reclining position, lie down after meals for 20-30 minutes. Also
restrict fluids during meals, LOW CHO and fiber Diet
, and small frequent meals.

Above the Knee Amputation: Care

Care Includes: Elevate for the first 24 hours on a pillow, position prone daily to provide for hip extension.

Below Knee Amputation: Care

Care Includes: Foot of the bed elevated for the first 24 hours, position prone daily to provide for hip extension.

Detached Retina: Care

Care Includes: Area of detachment should be in the dependent position.

Administration of an Enema

Here, position the patient in
left side-lying
(Sims) w/ Knee Flexed.

After A Supratentorial Surgery (Incision Behind Hairline): Care

Care Includes: Elevate HOB 30-45 degrees

After A Infratentorial Surgery (Incision at the nape of the Neck): Care

Care Includes: Position the patient
FLAT
and lateral on either side.

During Internal Radiation: Care

Care Includes: On bedrest while implant is in place.

Autonomic Dysreflexia/Hyperflexia: S&S and Care

- Acutely, this is a reaction of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system to overstimulation (due to lesions or injury of the spinal cord)
S&S Include: Pounding headache, profuse sweating, nasal congestion, goose flesh, bradycardia,
Hypertension
Care In

Shock: Care

Care Includes: Bed-rest w/ extremities elevated 20 degrees, knees straight, head slightly elevated (modified trendelenberg)

Head Injury: Care

Care Includes: Elevate the HOB 30 degrees to decrease ICP.

Peritoneal Dialysis w/ Inadequate outflow: Care

Care Includes: Turn patient from side to side
BEFORE
checking for kinks in the tubing (According to Kaplan)

Lumbar Puncture: Care After Procedure

Care Includes: Place the client in the supine position for 4 to 12 hours as prescribed.

Pain medication for Pancreantitis

With this, give
DEMEROL
not Morphine Sulfate.