Recognize XY, XX, - CHROMOSONAL
1. If ovum is fertilized by a sperm bearing a Y chromosome, the baby will be a boy.
2. If ovum is fertilized by a sperm bearing an X chromosome, the baby will be a girl.
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Boys: Grow taller, more muscular, pubic hair, facial hair, deeper voice,testiles, penis size
Girls: hips broaden, pubic hair, axillary hair
Secondary Amenorrhea
Cessation of menses; in a health and sexually active woman is often 1st sign of pregnancy. However, strenuous exercise, changes in metabolism, and endocrine dysfunction, chronic disease, certain medications, anorexia nervosa, early menopause, or serious p
Muscle crucial in obstetrics
Strong pelvic floor muscles stabilize and support the internal and external reproductive organs. The most important of these muscles in the levator ani, which supports the 3 structures that penetrate it: urethra, vagina, and rectum. 23
What uterus looks like prior to pregnancy.
It is shaped like an upside-down pear or light bulb. Weighs 2oz. (60g) 24
When will I deliver - EDD, Nagele's rule
Identify 1 day of LNMP, count backward 3 months, and then add 7 days; correct for year. 48; last normal menstral period
Counciling new mother about breastfeeding, concerns, drugs crossing placental barrier, size, placental barrier, where lactation takes place; milk lobules in perimeter of breast - hormonal reason; what hormones influence lactation
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Amniocentisis; chromosonal defects; result, take X amount of time to get lab back-ultimate decision is hers (Pt. teaching)
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Male chromosomes,sperm-genetic make-up, where is penetration - head-penetrates the ova, where chromosomes stored
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AVA 2 arteries, one vein
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Morula
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Fertilization & Implantation; where happens, time frame
Sperm can reach fallopian tubes within 5 minutes after coitus. Ovum is estimated to survive for up to 24 hr. after ovulation. Sperm remains capable of fertilizing the ovum for up to 5 days.
Fertilization occurs in the outer 3rd of the fallopian tube.
Moru
Quickening
Fetal movement felt by mothers; 1st perceived at 16-20 wks. 49
Vernix Caseosa
A cheese-like substace that covers the skin of the newborn, is thought to protect skin from irritation and the effects of a watery environment in utero-amniotic fluid . 292
Polyhydramnios, Oligohydramnios
Excessive amniotic fluid; also called hydramnios. (effects of Diabetes in Pregnancy) 97
Oligohydramnios - decreased amniotic fluid - placental failure. 101
What can happen w/ too much or too little fluid - indicative of
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What kind of twins; monozgotic, dizygotic
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Momma gets bigger & bigger, orthostatic hypotension
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Nosebleeds, ears popping - normal?
Normal-epistaxis; fullness in ears- popping
Explain graviity and parity
47
TPALM, HOW TO CALCULATE
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Presumptive & Positive signs of pregnancy;
48 hCG presumptive-tumors, hyditaform moles;Positive- fetal hear tones, quickening; ultrasound,
Calculate EDD
48
Lay out ob plan - spouse what's going to happen; early signs of impending labor; physician visits, 1st trimester warning signs-edema (ted hose, no salt, elevate legs)
67-68 Early signs of impending labor; physician visits-how often;
Leg cramps - dorsiflexion
66
Lab results - important lab values, hematocrit, Hemoglobin; titers-during 1st visit
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Sexual intercourse - consult doc/placenta previa?
Depends on health
Nutrition -green leafy veg.
Folic acid and Iron
Calories
Lactating - 500; preg mom - 300
Chadwick; Goodell; Hegar; McDonald's
McDonald's manuever - shoulder dystosia; practioner is delivering baby; nurse is helping baby to come out-oozing baby's shoulder out.
Fundal heights; what stage of pregnancy-symphis pubis; lightening-engagement (diff. stages)
When fundus comes out of pubis
Pica
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Ultrasonography- what, where done?
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When would Cert. Nurse Midwife, good canidate for nurse midwife - situation; given that parity, that gravity
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Effleurage - figure 8 massage
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What pain does in preg.; in labor & delivery; when can I have pain medication; do you think I'll have a lot of pain
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Mittelschmertirz
Middle pain
Herpes, teaching
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HIV
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Issues w/adolescent pregnancy - diet
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Braxton Hicks
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AIDS what's important; no breastfeeding
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Stress tests & nonstress tests
Nonstress test-baby not challenged
Stress test-nipple stimulation so uterus contracts, put toco on, baby decels, then comes back up; maybe pharmaceutical
Changes that occur in preg. 52
Resp.- breathing
Blood volume - increases
Psuedoanemia
Skin-chloasma; nipples ariola gets dark, striae, linea nigra...
Estrogen progesterone; 2 important hormones in preg.
..Estrogen, progesterone.
Chloasma
.Mask of pregnancy; goes away after pregnancy..
Kick counts
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Contraction - stress test what ar u looking for in fetal monitor - deceleration
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Gestational diabetes-Mom, what are u think of; vaginitis, macrosmia; polyhydramnios-too much fluid; how many wks gestation; high risk; measure fundal height
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HPV
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Warning sign in any trimester; bright red bleeding
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PIH Pregnancy Induced Hypertension; Preeclampsia
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Contraindicaiton of breastfeeding; AIDS, HIV
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Hormones placenta produces for pregnancy
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IUGR-Interuterine growth restriction; causes; baby termed SGA (306 - select all)
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