Leadership - Safety and Delegation

Responsibility

The reliability, dependability, and obligation to accomplished work. It is a two-way process that is allocated and accepted.

Authority

The ability to perform duties in a specific role. Must perform to the best of your ability and inform delegator about any limitations.

Accountability

Determines if actions were appropriate and provides a detailed explanation of what occurred.

Delegation

Achieving performance of care outcomes by sharing activities with others who have the appropriate authority to accomplish work. Has to have one person with accountability and one who has authority.

Individual Accountability

Component of delegation that refers to the individuals' ability to explain their actions and results.

Organizational Accountability

Component of delegation that places the accountability for the system of operations; the prime accountability is safety.

Span of control

The number of individuals delegator is ultimately responsible for

Authority is derived from this

State Nurse Practice Acts and institutional policies

Passive Delegation

Delegation that does not require a decision-making process. The decisions derive from job descriptions or policies and thus the tasks are not actively delegated. They are assumed by virtue of the policy or job description.

Active Delegation

RN assesses the situation, determines what is appropriate for patient care, directs a UNP to perform certain tasks and hold the individual accountable.

Hershey's Situational Leadership Model can be used to communicate with a Delegatee

Delegating, Participating, Selling, Telling

Assignment

Refers to work every individual is responsible to accomplish in a designated work period. Consists of patient care expectations and unit-related tasks. Also refers to transference of both responsibility and accountability among RNs (NOT UAPS)

Delegation is _________ based rather than ___________ based.

task; judgment

Accountability rests within the decision to ______________ while responsibility rests within the performance of the ______________.

delegate; task

Apply these elements when making a delegation decision

Safety, critical thinking, stability, and time

When you are looking at Agency for Healthcare and Research and Quality (AHRQ), this is what you are looking for.

Evidence-based reports geared towards providers and clients/patients

Institute of Medicine (IOM) aims of providing health care

Safe, effective, patient-centered, timely, efficient, equitable. Appears in the publication: Crossing the Quality Chasm. Other publications: To Err is Human, Health Professional Education: A Bridge to Quality; Keeping Patients Safe: Transforming the Work

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Primary federal agency devoted to quality, safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care, and resource for providers, researchers, and consumers

National Quality Forum

Membership-based (NOT GOV.) organization designed to develop and implement a national strategy for healthcare quality measurement/management and reporting. Thirty-four practice areas (Consider patient care for pressure ulcer, CAUTI, ventilator pneumonia,

Magnet Recognition Program

The only national designation built on and evolving through nursing research that is designed to recognize nursing excellence of healthcare organizations through a self-nominating, appraisal process. Emphasizes outcomes.

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses

Institute devoted to providing resources related to the QSEN competencies for undergraduate and graduate practitioners. Six competencies are: patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and info

Team STEPPS initiatives

Evidence-based teamwork system aimed at optimizing patient care by improving communication and teamwork skills among health care professionals, including frontline staff. It includes a comprehensive set of ready-to-use materials and a training curriculum

IOM Competencies of Health Professionals

Provide patient-centered care, work in interdisciplinary teams, employ evidence-based practice, apply quality improvement, utilize informatics

Five Steps to Safer Health Care (to tell the patient)

1. Ask questions if you have doubts or concerns. 2. Keep and bring a list of ALL medications you take. 3. Get the results of any test or procedure. 4. Talk to your doctor about which hospital is best for your health. 5. Make sure you understand what will

Goal for IOM's The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health (2010)

Have at least 80% of the registered nurse population at the baccalaureate level.

Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI)

Independent, not-for-profit sources of transforming care at the bedside (TCAB). Dedicated to rapidly improving care through mechanisms such as rapid cycle change projects.

Joint Commission and Accreditation (formerly JAHCO)

Key non-profit organization addressing safety and quality standards. It accredits healthcare organizations and has "deemed" status from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. (An organization that meets the standards of this organization meets CM

If JAHCO's assessment results in a healthcare facility losing its accreditation, this it the primary consequence.

Loss of funding because JAHCO has Medicaid and Medicare attained status.

The STAR approach for patient safety

Stop, Think, Act, Review

Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century (2001), by IOM

Emphasizes what care is provided and not who controls decisions, as well as the importance of rendering care with the client rather than to the client

Five Rights of Medication Adminstration

Route, time, dose, patient, drug

Nurse Case Manager (NCM)

Coordinates patient care throughout the admission process: facilitates access to needed health resources, monitors utilization of resources, measures outcomes and quality, Uses Critical Pathways or Care Maps

Critical Pathways (also called multidisciplinary care pathway, integrated care pathway, critical path, collaborative care pathway)

Patient-focused documents that describe the clinical standards, necessary interventions, and expected outcomes for the patient throughout the treatment process of hospital stay. (Usefulness of application, p. 243) Specific pattern of standardized care tha

Variance

Anything that occurs to alter the patient's progress through the normal critical path

Nurse Manager/Leader Role in differentiated nursing practice and the leadership theory that matches it

Role model, Collaborator, Coach, Teacher, Facilitator; Transformational

Primary Nurse

One RN functions autonomously in patient care