Plasmalemma
contains acetylcholine receptors
acetylcholine
primary neurotransmitter for motor neurons
Gluconeogenesis
creating glucose from a non-carb source. lactic acid, glycerol, alanine amino acid
lactic acid
formed anaerobically when H+ joins pyruvate
phosphogens
ATP and PCR
beta oxidation
turns fatty acids inyo acetylCOa
cori cycle
glucose is made from lactate in liver, type of gluconeogenesis
Sodium
Na+, outer cell dominant ion
kreb cycle
nets 2 ATP and NADH and FADH
smooth muscle
muscle in the digestive tract
Type 1 fiber
slow twitch oxidative
axon
The neuron's transmitter, conducting impulses away from the cell body
Myoglobin
hemoglobin in muscle
axon hillock
graded potentials gather
action potential
rapid and substantial depolarization of the neurons membrane
Type 2 fiber
fast twitch, white stained
D.O.M.S
soreness and pain due to muscle protein damage
Elasticity
muscles return to resting length
dendrite
recieve impulses
ATP
energy currency
NADH/FADH
coenzymes entering ETC
Na K pump
maintains RMP
Actin
muscle protein thin, movable binding sites
myofibril
composed of sarcomeres
ATPase
enzyme that spits the last phosphate group off of ATP
T tubules
extension of plasmalemma that passes nerve impules
ANS
parasympathetic and sympathetic
Pyruvate
byproduct of glycolysis
Calcium
find receptors on troponin to initiate muscle contractions
...
...
saltatory conduction
leaping from node to node
ligament
connects bone to bone
E.T.C
part of fat oxidation where H+ crosses cell membrane
myelin
a fatty substance insulated the cell membrane. Made of schwann cells
efferent
responsible for sending info from the CNS to various tissues + structures
Hyperpolarization
additional potassium moves out of cell, mv become more negative
Depolarization
sodium ions rush in, milivolts towards zero or more positive
axon terminal
tiny bulbs of synaptic knobs, containing acetylcholine
Cytoplasm
contains glycogen. Sarcoplasm
Sarcomere
functional unit of myofibril
sympathetic
fight or flight, pupils dilate
resting membrane potential
-70 mv
Synapse
junctions that allow neurons to communicate w/ each other
repolarization
potassium moves out of cell
Tropomyosin
surrounds actins binding sites for myosin head
Parasympathetic
rest and digest. Hands and warm and dry
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell. where fat is metabolized
E. P. O. C
remove lactate restore body temp store glycogen. HR & BP decrease
afferent
sensory part of the peripheral nervous system
Sarcolemma
contains plasmalemma and basement membrane
Cerebrum
five lobes making up two hemispheres
graded potential
localized changes in the membrane potential, less than a 15 mv change.
muscle fiber
muscle cell
cerebellum
behind the brain stem and responsible for coordinating movement
hitting the wall
running out of available energy
Excitability
muscles are stimulated by nerves
Acetyl CoA
substance entering kreb cycle
Lipolysis
breakdown of fat
triglyceride
one glycerol and 3 fatty acids
myosin
muscle protein thick golf club head
Nodes of Ranvier
gaps in the myelin sheath
Potassium
K+. inner dominant cell ion
creatine
substrate in muscle for phosphagen system
CNS
brain and spinal cord
Adipose tissue
storage form of fat
neuro-muscular junction
where an alpha-motor neuron communicates with its muscle fiber
Troponin
contains binding sites for ca+
somatic
motor