Which represents the management functions that are incorporated into the management
process?
A) Planning, directing, organizing, staffing, and evaluating
B) Planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling
C) Organizing, planning, staffing, dire
Ans: B
Feedback:
Management functions include planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
These are incorporated into what is known as the management process.
What does traditional management science focuses upon?
A) Meeting worker satisfaction
B) Delineating barriers to productivity
C) Using a laissez-faire approach
D) Encouraging employee participation
Ans: B
Feedback:
Classical, or traditional, management science focuses on production in the workplace
and on delineating organizational barriers to productivity. Little attention was given to
worker job satisfaction, and workers were assumed to be motivat
What assumption about workers does Theory X hold?
A) Workers will naturally put forth effort
B) Workers need threats to be motivated
C) Workers are diligent and responsible
D) Workers are in tune with organizational needs
Ans: B
Feedback:
Theory X managers believe that their employees are basically lazy, need constant
supervision and direction, and are indifferent to organizational needs.
What does the Hawthorne effect implied about people?
A) Human beings under investigation will respond to the fact that they are being
studied
B) Production will increase or decrease as light in a factory is increased or decreased
C) Membership in small gr
Ans: A
Feedback:
Hawthorne effect indicated that people respond to the fact that they are being studied,
attempting to increase whatever behavior they feel will continue to warrant the
attention. The other statements do not reflect implied beliefs about p
Managing conflict among staff members would occur in which part of the management
process?
A) Planning
B) Organizing
C) Directing
D) Evaluating
Ans: C
Feedback:
Directing sometimes includes several staffing functions. However, this phase's functions
usually entail human resource management responsibilities, such as motivating,
managing conflict, delegating, communicating, and facilitating collabo
What is the idea that workers should be hired, trained, and promoted based on their
competence and abilities related to?
A) Part of the management functions identified by Fayol
B) The result of the human relations studies
C) The outcome of studies done by
Ans: D
Feedback:
Frederick Taylor, the �father of scientific management,� had the idea that workers should
be hired, trained, and promoted based on their competence and abilities. This concept is
not associated with any of the other options.
Max Weber, a well-known German sociologist, began to study large-scale organizations
to determine what made some more efficient than others. What was his conclusion?
A) Workers had to have a say in management to work most effectively
B) Consistent rules a
Ans: B
Feedback:
Weber saw the need for legalized, formal authority and consistent rules and regulations
for personnel in different positions. He thus proposed bureaucracy as an organizational
design. None of the other options reflect his conclusions.
Which leadership style maintains strong control over the work group and uses coercion
to motivate others?
A) Authoritarian
B) Democratic
C) Laissez-faire
D) A contingency approach
Ans: A
Feedback:
Lewin identified three common leadership styles: authoritarian, democratic, and laissezfaire.
Authoritarian leadership results in well-defined group actions that are usually
predictable, reducing frustration in the work group and giving m
Which statement about situational or contingency leadership theory is correct?
A) High relationship behavior is much more essential to a good manager than high
task behavior
B) This leadership model is effective in bureaucratic organizations because it is
Ans: D
Feedback:
The idea that leadership style should vary according to the situation or the individuals
involved was first suggested almost 100 years ago by Mary Parker Follett, one of the
earliest management consultants and among the first to view an o
Which statement depicts leadership?
A) A leadership position is assigned
B) A leadership position carries a legitimate source of power
C) Members of a group will follow a person in a leadership position only by choice
D) Leadership requires meeting organi
Ans: C
Feedback:
A leader is the person who guides direction, opinion, and course of action without
having an assigned position within the formal organization and so people choose to
follow them. The other options are not accurate descriptions of leadersh
Gardner states that integrated leaders-managers distinguish themselves from more
traditional managers in six ways. Which is a distinguishing trait of a traditional manager
rather than an integrated leader-manager?
A) They are politically astute
B) They lo
Ans: C
Feedback:
Traditional managers influence those in their own groups while integrated leaders
influence others beyond their own group. The remaining options represent traits that
may be shared by both types.
What concept does early leadership-theory development suggest?
A) Leadership is a process of influencing others within an organizational culture
B) The interactive relationship between the leader and the follower is significant
C) Some are born to lead, w
Ans: C
Feedback:
Early leadership theorists focused on broad conceptualizations of leadership that
assumed that people have certain characteristics or personality traits that make them
better leaders than others. The remaining options do not describe a co
Which is a characteristic of Theory Z?
A) Non-consensus decision making
B) Fitting employees to their jobs
C) Rapid career promotions
D) Authoritative problem solving
Ans: B
Feedback:
Characteristics of Theory Z include fitting employees to their jobs, consensus decision
making, job security, slower promotions, examining the long-term consequences of
management decision making, quality circles, guarantee of lifetime em
What type of leader is the person who is committed, has a vision, and is able to
empower others with this vision?
A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Interactional
D) Bureaucratic
Ans: B
Feedback:
Transformational leadership positively impacts the leader and the follower, who have a
collective purpose. The traditional manager, concerned with the day-to-day operations,
was termed a transactional leader. The remaining options are not
How many primary leadership styles have been identified?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
Ans: C
Feedback:
Three primary leadership styles have been identified: authoritarian, democratic, and
laissez-faire.
What type of management was emphasized in the human relations era of management?
A) Participatory
B) Authoritarian
C) Democratic
D) Laissez-faire
Ans: A
Feedback:
The human relations era of management science emphasized concepts of participatory
and humanistic management. Three primary leadership styles have been identified:
authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire.
What is a distinguishing trait of integrated leader-managers? Select all that apply.
A) Inward thinkers
B) Long-term thinkers
C) Concerned with employee motivation
D) Possess influence beyond their own group
Ans: B, C, D
Feedback:
Gardner asserted that integrated leader-managers possess six distinguishing traits: They
influence others beyond their own group; they emphasize vision, values, and
motivation; they think longer term; they look outward, toward the l
What is the basic premise of the interactional theory?
A) Leadership behavior is generally determined by the relationship between the
leader's personality and the specific situation
B) Manager behaviors are generally determined by the relationship between
Ans: A
Feedback:
The basic premise of interactional theory is that leadership behavior is generally
determined by the relationship between the leader's personality and the specific
situation. Transformational leadership is where both leaders and followers
It is the idea that context is an important mediator of transformational leadership, that
led to the creation of full range leadership theory early in the 21st century. This theory
originally developed by Antonakis, Avolio, and Sivasubramaniam suggests ho
Ans: C
Feedback:
There are nine factors impacting leadership style and its impact on followers; five are
transformational, three are transactional, and one is a nonleadership or laissez-faire
leadership factor.
What type of manager is concerned with the day-to-day operations?
A) Transactional
B) Transformational
C) Interactional
D) Bureaucratic
Ans: A
Feedback:
The traditional manager, concerned with the day-to-day operations, is termed a
transactional leader. This is not a characteristic of the other options.
What is the typical focus of managers? Select all that apply.
A) Establishing a legitimate source of power
B) Delegating responsibilities to staff members
C) Formulate the budget to achieve the stated goals
D) Direct attention to the management of unwilli
Ans: A, B, C
Feedback:
The manager is typically involved in the delegation of responsibilities through the
power of the legitimate power associated with the position. To manipulate people, the
environment, money, time, and other resources to achieve organ
Which activity is associated with a leadership role? Select all that apply.
A) Mentoring two new managers
B) Establishing goals for the coming year
C) Advocating for employee regarding personal policies
D) Providing a motivational speech at the new employ
Ans: A, B, C, D
Feedback:
Leadership roles include mentoring, decision making, advocating, andenergizing. Risk
taking is also considered a leadership role.
The failure to engage in which activity is considered a fatal flaw of leadership? Select
all that apply.
A) Collaboration
B) Communication
C) Self-improvement
D) Staff development
Ans: A, B, C, D
Feedback:
Leadership is flawed and likely ineffective when the leader does not collaborate and
communicate effectively with others in the organization. The improvement and
development of both others and oneself is vital to the effectivenes
Which statement by a subordinate demonstrates the greatest problem for the leader?
A) �Your plans for the changes will be difficult to implement.�
B) �I don't think you heard what the rest of us had to say.�
C) �Do you have an idea what direction we need
Ans: A
Feedback:
The statement is a clear indication that the subordinate feels the leader is not listening
and collaborating; this is a fatal flaw. The other statements are more open to explanation
by and with the subordinate and leader.
Which function of the management process involves the performance evaluation of
staff?
A) Planning
B) Organizing
C) Staffing
D) Controlling
Ans: D
Feedback:
Controlling is the function that includes performance appraisals, fiscal accountability,
quality control, legal and ethical control, and professional and collegial control.