Marathon
a plain north of Athens
Themistocles
Athenian leader
Delian League
an alliance with other Greek city-states
Pericles
an Athenian statesman
Aspasia
an educated foreign-born woman that helped Pericles turn Athens into the cultural center of Greece
alliance
a formal agreement between two or more nations or powers to cooperate and come to one another's defense
direct democracy
a system of government in which citizens participate directly in the day-to-day affairs of government rather than through elected representatives
stipend
a fixed salary given to public office holders
jury
a panel of citizens who have the authority to make the final judgement in a trial
ostracism
used to banish or send away a public figure who threatened democracy
Describe two effects of the Persian Wars.
Increased the Greeks' sense of their own uniqueness, they felt the gods had protected their superior form of government, and the Delian League was organized.
How did Pericles contribute to Athenian greatness?
The economy thrived and the government became more democratic.
How did the growth of the Athenian power lead to war?
Athens' influence began to dominate the other city-states of the Greek area. The city proceeded to conquer all of Greece except for Sparta and its allies, and became known as the Athenian Empire. This caused Sparta to take action against them.
Socrates
an Athenian stonemason and philosopher
Aristotle
Plato's most famous student and developed his own ideas about government
Parthenon
a temple dedicated to the goddess Athena
Sophocles
one of the three greatest Athenian playwrights, wrote "Antigone
Euripides
one of the three greatest Athenian playwrights, wrote "The Trojan Women
Herodotus
the "Father of History", he listed names of rules or retold ancient legends
Thucydides
wrote about the Peloponnesian War, he had lived through the war and vividly described its savagery and its corrupting influence on all those involved
logic
rational thinking
rhetoric
the art of skillful speaking
tragedy
plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster
comedy
humorous plays that mocked people or customs
Why did Plato reject democracy as a form of government?
Because it had condemned Socrates.
Describe the ideal form of government as set forth in Plato's Republic.
That the state should regulate every aspect of its citizens' lives in order to provide for their best interests. His ideal society was divided into three classes: workers to produce the necessities of life, soldiers to defend the state, and philosophers t
What standards of beauty did Greek artists follow?
Balance, order, and beauty
How were Greek plays performed?
In large outdoor theaters with little or no scenery. Actors wore elaborate costumes and sylized masks. A chorus sang or chanted comments on the action.
What were the topics of Greek poetry and plays?
Tragedy and comedy.