a mythical founder of Rome
Romullus
Greek king whose victories over Rome cost him many men
Pyrrhus
Used elephants in his march through the Alps during the Second Punic War
Hannibal
Led the Roman attack on Carthage during the Second Punic War
Scipio
Seleucid king who fought against Rome from 192 BC to 189 BC
Antiochus III
Elected consul in 70 BC; captured Jerusalem in 63 BC
Pompey
Ruled the Roman Empire from 49 BC to 44 BC
Julius Caesar
Caesar's closest friend; defeated at Actium
Antony
Julius Caesar's adopted son and heir; became known as Caesar Augustus
Octavian
Last Ptolemaic ruler of Egypt; committed suicide with Antony in 31 BC
Cleopatra
two large islands that lie near the Italian peninsula
Sardinia and Sicily
the mountains which isolate Italy from the rest of Europe
Alps
great river that flows through a large fertile plain just south of the Alps
Po River
mountain range which stretches from the Po River valley to the tip of the peninsula
Apennines
The city of Rome is located on the ___ River.
Tiber
a Celtic people who occupied the Po River valley in northern Italy
Gauls
established colonies in Sicily and southern Italy which greatly influenced the Romans
Greeks
These colonies caused southern Italy to be known as ___.
Magna Graecia
built the first Italian cities
Etruscans
Rome was settled by the ___.
Latins
Between 254 BC and 146 BC, Rome fought three wars known as the ___ Wars.
Punic
Rome's enemy in these three wars was ___.
Carthage
Hannibal's defeat at the Battle of ___ ended the Second Punic War.
Zama
With the addition of the Asian kingdom of ___ in 133 BC, the Roman Empire included provinces in Europe, Africa, and Asia.
Pergamum
Caesar built a reputation for himself by conquering and then governing the land of ___.
Gaul
Caesar showed his determination to be the ruler of Rome when he crossed the ___ River in 49 BC.
Rubicon
Octavian defeated Antony's fleet in battle near ___ in 31 BC.
Actium
Octavian's favorite title was ___, which means 'first citizen'.
Princeps
As leader of the Roman army, Octavian was called ___, from which we get the term emperor.
Imperator
Octavian's most interesting title, ___ (meaning 'the Reverend'), was a title that had previously been reserved for the gods.
Augustus
By the time of the Roman Empire, the Promised Land had come to be called ___.
Palestine
The king of the Promised Land when Christ was born was ___.
Herod
a common meeting place which was the heart of the city of Rome
Forum
common people of Rome
plebians
a defensive alliance against the Etruscans
Latin League
the 200-year period of peace and prosperity when Rome was the absolute master of the world
Pax Romana
counted total population and value of property in each province of the Roman Empire
census