WH ch 9 The French Revolution & Napolean

Directory

A group of 5 men who were given control of France following the Reign of Terror, It was controlled by the middle class,lacked support of the people, created by the constitution of 1795; held power from 1795 to 1799 - ineffective and corrupt
*the Directory

Reign of Terror

1793-4 period of panic where people where executed by Robespierre as 'enemies of the state' in France, (1793) Brutal program initiated by the French National Convention's Committee of Public Safety to silence critics of the republic.

sans-culottes

Members of the Pairs Commune; in the French revolution; ordinary patriots w/out fine clothes; long pants, working people or the poor.

bourgeois

French middle class, part of the third estate., made up of merchants, manufacturers, and professional people such as doctors and lawyers.

principle of intervention

right of powerful nations to maintain order throughout Europe

Continental System

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy.

coup d'�tat

a sudden overthrow of the government

Bastille

A prison fortress in Paris that was attacked and destroyed on July 14, 1789 at the start of the French revolution

Robespierre

A French political leader of the 18th century. Headed the Committee of Public Safety, responsible for the Reign of Terror, was later executed.

elector

a citizen who has a legal right to vote

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

put an end to aristocratic privileges.
Rights given in the Declaration of Rights of Man and citizen were The right to free speech, free religion, free thought, right to security and the right to own property.

The economic crisis that triggered the French Revolution

by a bad harvest and slowdown in manufacturing

French Rebellions of 1789

the French peasants were reacting to the high cost of bread, high
taxes, and political inequality

threat of foreign intervention to restore Louis XVI

to the throne caused the French Revolution to become more radical.

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

was a law passed during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. The Church was brought under the control of the French state.

After the Reign of Terror ended

the new government was unable to solve France's problems.

the collapse of Napoleon's Grand Empire

the drain on the country and economy of Napoleon's many wars

Congress of Vienna

(1814-1815 CE) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon.

the consulate

Napoleon's new government after 1799

Napoleon's Civil Code

Napoleon's unified system of law
Napoleon's Civil Code treated women as less equal than men.

dependent states

kingdoms under the rule of Napoleon's relatives

allied states

countries defeated by Napoleon and forced to join his struggle against Britain

nationalism

unique cultural identity of a people to a nation

During most of the French Revolution

Napoleon was serving in the Army.

Napoleon's agreement with the Catholic Church

recognized Catholicism as the majority religion of France.

Duke of Wellington

British soldier and statesman; he led the British troops and Prussian troops against Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo

conservatism

A political philosophy based on tradition and social stability,

Klemens von Metternlch

most influential leader at Congress of VIenna

liberalism

.belief that people should be free from government restraint
A set of beliefs that includes the advocacy of positive government action to improve the welfare of individuals, support for civil rights, and tolerance for political and social change.

The Russians defeated Napoleon's Grand Army

by retreating hundreds of miles and burning their own villages and countryside.

Napoleon's empire collapsed

the coalition of other European states and the force of nationalism.

principles of intervention

the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones

Promotion within Napoleon's new bureaucracy or government was based on ......

Promotion within Napoleon's new bureaucracy or government was based on ability rather than rank or birth

enlightenment Philosophies

...

French Estates

The Three Estates refer to the three divisions of European society in the Middle Ages: the nobles (first estate), the clergy (second estate), and the commoners (third estate).

de-christianization

the idea that the revolutionaries must destroy the power of the Catholic Church for the revolution to succeed. This means no more churchgoing, superstition or saints. A new calendar is made to erase Sundays and remove any reminders of the king's power.

Napoleon's new bureaucracy

Napoleon wanted officials based on ability not class or rank. Made middle class happy.

Russians grand army did what to Napoleon?

...

Directory

A group of 5 men who were given control of France following the Reign of Terror, It was controlled by the middle class,lacked support of the people, created by the constitution of 1795; held power from 1795 to 1799 - ineffective and corrupt
*the Directory

Reign of Terror

1793-4 period of panic where people where executed by Robespierre as 'enemies of the state' in France, (1793) Brutal program initiated by the French National Convention's Committee of Public Safety to silence critics of the republic.

sans-culottes

Members of the Pairs Commune; in the French revolution; ordinary patriots w/out fine clothes; long pants, working people or the poor.

bourgeois

French middle class, part of the third estate., made up of merchants, manufacturers, and professional people such as doctors and lawyers.

principle of intervention

right of powerful nations to maintain order throughout Europe

Continental System

Napoleon's policy of preventing trade between Great Britain and continental Europe, intended to destroy Great Britain's economy.

coup d'�tat

a sudden overthrow of the government

Bastille

A prison fortress in Paris that was attacked and destroyed on July 14, 1789 at the start of the French revolution

Robespierre

A French political leader of the 18th century. Headed the Committee of Public Safety, responsible for the Reign of Terror, was later executed.

elector

a citizen who has a legal right to vote

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen

put an end to aristocratic privileges.
Rights given in the Declaration of Rights of Man and citizen were The right to free speech, free religion, free thought, right to security and the right to own property.

The economic crisis that triggered the French Revolution

by a bad harvest and slowdown in manufacturing

French Rebellions of 1789

the French peasants were reacting to the high cost of bread, high
taxes, and political inequality

threat of foreign intervention to restore Louis XVI

to the throne caused the French Revolution to become more radical.

Civil Constitution of the Clergy

was a law passed during the French Revolution, that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. The Church was brought under the control of the French state.

After the Reign of Terror ended

the new government was unable to solve France's problems.

the collapse of Napoleon's Grand Empire

the drain on the country and economy of Napoleon's many wars

Congress of Vienna

(1814-1815 CE) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon.

the consulate

Napoleon's new government after 1799

Napoleon's Civil Code

Napoleon's unified system of law
Napoleon's Civil Code treated women as less equal than men.

dependent states

kingdoms under the rule of Napoleon's relatives

allied states

countries defeated by Napoleon and forced to join his struggle against Britain

nationalism

unique cultural identity of a people to a nation

During most of the French Revolution

Napoleon was serving in the Army.

Napoleon's agreement with the Catholic Church

recognized Catholicism as the majority religion of France.

Duke of Wellington

British soldier and statesman; he led the British troops and Prussian troops against Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo

conservatism

A political philosophy based on tradition and social stability,

Klemens von Metternlch

most influential leader at Congress of VIenna

liberalism

.belief that people should be free from government restraint
A set of beliefs that includes the advocacy of positive government action to improve the welfare of individuals, support for civil rights, and tolerance for political and social change.

The Russians defeated Napoleon's Grand Army

by retreating hundreds of miles and burning their own villages and countryside.

Napoleon's empire collapsed

the coalition of other European states and the force of nationalism.

principles of intervention

the right to send armies into countries where there were revolutions in order to restore legitimate monarchs to their thrones

Promotion within Napoleon's new bureaucracy or government was based on ......

Promotion within Napoleon's new bureaucracy or government was based on ability rather than rank or birth

enlightenment Philosophies

...

French Estates

The Three Estates refer to the three divisions of European society in the Middle Ages: the nobles (first estate), the clergy (second estate), and the commoners (third estate).

de-christianization

the idea that the revolutionaries must destroy the power of the Catholic Church for the revolution to succeed. This means no more churchgoing, superstition or saints. A new calendar is made to erase Sundays and remove any reminders of the king's power.

Napoleon's new bureaucracy

Napoleon wanted officials based on ability not class or rank. Made middle class happy.

Russians grand army did what to Napoleon?

...