Parliament Limits the English Monarchy (Ch. 21-5)

King James I

This king of Scotland also became king of England in 1603. He struggled with Parliament over money.

Puritans

This group wanted to make reforms in religion and purify it of Catholic practice. They opposed the king.

King Charles I

This king called upon Parliament to fund his wars between Spain and France in 1628. He was forced to sign the Petition of Right.

English Civil War

This lasted from 1642-1649. Fought between supporters and opponents of King Charles I.

Cavaliers

Also known as Royalists, they remained loyal to the king.

Roundheads

The Puritan supporters of Parliament were given this nickname.

Oliver Cromwell

The Puritans found this general in 1644, he defeated King Charles and his supporters. He later became a military dictator.

Beheaded

The way King Charles I was killed.

King Charles II

He was asked to be king by Parliament in 1659. He restored the monarchy, therefore his rule is known as the Restoration.

Restoration

King Charles II's rule was known as this.

Habeas corpus

In Latin it means, "to have the body." Prisoners could not be held indefinately without trial and the monarch could not have people jailed for opposing him.

Whigs

This group opposed King James II

Tories

This group supported King James II

King James II

Became king in 1685, he was overthrown by his son in 1688.

William and Mary

The prince and princess of Netherlands, they overthrew the king in 1688. Led the Glorious Revolution.

Constitutional Monarchy

In this type of government laws limit the ruler's power.

English Bill of Rights

This was drafted by Parliament in 1689 and limited what the rulers could do.

Cabinet

This group of government officials linked the monarch to the majority party in Parliament.

Prime minister

The leader of the majority party and head of the cabinet in Parliament.

Glorious Revolution

The bloodless overthrow of King James II.