Chapter 2 Section 1 Vocab

City-state

a city with political and economic control over the surrounding countryside

ziggurat

a massive stepped tower on which was built a temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of a Sumerian city

theocracy

government by divine authority

empire

a large political unit, usually under a single leader, that controls many peoples or territories

patriarchal

dominated by men

polythiestic

having many gods

cuniform

wedge-shaped", a system of writing developed by the Sumerians using a reed stylus to create wedge-shaped impressions on a clay tablet

Sumerians

the creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization

Akkadians

To the north of the Sumerian city-states were the _____. We call them a Semitic people because they spoke a Semitic language

Sargon

overran the Sumerian city-states and set up the first empire in world history

Hammurabi

came to power in Babylon and gained control of Sumer and Akkad, thus creating a new Mesopotamian kingdom

Code of Hammurabi

The ________ was based on a system of strict justice. Penalties for criminal offenses were sever, and they varied according to the social class of the victim.

Mesopotamia

The land between rivers

Fertile Crescent

Mesopotamia was at the eastern end of an aria known as the _______

Uruk

a city established by Sumerian people

Babylon

a city-state south of Akkad