3 TYPES OF RADIATION
alpha, beta, gamma
ALPHA RADIATION
BOUNCES OFF CLOTHING
BETA RADIATION
PENETRATES CLOTHING
GAMMA RADIATION
PENETRATES CLOTHING AND SKIN
PARTS OF HAZMAT PLACARD
YELLOW - INSTABILITY
RED - FLAMMABILITY
BLUE - HEALTH
OXIDATION
CHEMICAL REACTION INVOLVING THE COMBINATION OF OXYGEN WITH OTHER MATERIALS
EXOTHERMIC
Chemical Reaction in which energy is primarily given off in the form of heat
ENDOTHERMIC
(of a chemical reaction or compound) occurring or formed with absorption of heat
FIRE IS AN EXOTHERMIC REACTION CALLED:
COMBUSTION
COMBUSTION RELEASES ENERGY IN THE FORM OF:
HEAT OR LIGHT
PILOTED IGNITION
MOMENT WHEN A MIXTURE OF FUEL AND OXYGEN ENCOUNTER AN EXTERNAL HEAT SOURCE WITH SUFFICIENT HEAD ENERGY TO START THE COMBUSTION REACTION.
AUTOIGNITION
Occurs without any external flame or spark to ignite the fuel gases or vapors
POTENTIAL ENERGY
ENERGY POSSESSED BY AN OBJECT THAT MAY BE RELEASED
KINETIC ENERGY
ENERGY POSSESSED BY A MOVING OBJECT
BTU
British Thermal Unit
BTU IS USED TO MEASURE:
HEAT
RESISTANCE HEATING
WHEN ELECTRICAL CURRENT FLOWS THROUGH A CONDUCTOR, HEAT IS PRODUCED
OVERCURRENT
WHEN THE CURRENT FLOWING THROUGH A CONDUCTOR EXCEEDS ITS DESIGN LIMITS.
ARCING
High-temperature luminous electric discharge across a gap or through a medium such as charred insulation.
SPARKING
WHEN AN ELECTRIC ARC OCCURS LUMINOUS PARTICLES CAN BE FORMED AND SPATTER AWAY FROM THE POINT OF ARCING.
CONDUCTION
The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching.
CONVECTION
TRANSFER OF HEAT ENERGY FROM A FLUID TO A SOLID SURFACE OR BETWEEN TWO FLUIDS.
RADIATION
TRANSMISSION OF ENERGY AS AN ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE
FUEL CONTROLLED FIRE
FIRE LIMITED BY THE AMOUNT OF COMBUSTIBLES
VENTILATION CONTROLLED FIRE
FIRE LIMITED BY THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN
STAGES OF FIRE GROWTH
ignition, growth, flashover, fully developed, decay
FLASHOVER
A transition phase in the development of a compartment fire in which surfaces exposed to thermal radiation reach ignition temperature more or less simultaneously and fire spreads rapidly throughout the space, resulting in full room involvement or total in
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE FLASHOVER CONDITIONS:
SIZE OF COMPARTMENT, HEIGHT OF CEILING, VENTILATION, AMOUNT OF FUEL, LAYOUT OF FUEL, LOCATION OF FIRE IN COMPARTMENT
FIRE PATTERNS
PHYSICAL MANIFESTATION OF THE AFFECTS OF FIRE ON MATERIALS
TYPES OF FIRE PATTERS ON THE WALLS & CEILING:
PLUME GENERATED, VENTILATION GENERATED AND HOT GAS LAYER PATTERNS
PLUME GENERATED PATTERS ARE:
V SHAPE
SPALLING
SEPARATION OF CHUNKS OF CONCRETE WITHIN EXPLOSIVE FORCE CAUSE BY EXPANSION OF WATER TRAPPED IN THE CONCRETE AS IT TURNS TO STEAM.
CHAR
PYROLIZED CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL
ALLOYING
MIXING TWO METALS HEATED THEN COOLED TO CHANGE THEIR PROPERTIES.
CLEAN BURN
WHEN THERE IS ENOUGH HEAT TO BURN AWAY ALL CARBON DEPOSITS ON A SURFACE LEAVING A "CLEAN" SURFACE. OCCURS ON NONCOMBUSTIBLE SURFACES
SOOT
ELEMENTAL CARBON PRODUCED DURING INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION
CALCINATION
CHEMICALLY BOUND WATER IS DRIVEN OUT OF GYPSUM WALLS BY THE HEAT OF FIRE
DOES A 25 WATT LIGHT BULB EXPAND TOWARDS THE FIRE OR PULL INWARD AWAY FROM IT?
BULBS 25 WATTS OR LESS PULL AWAY. BULBS GREATER THAT 25 WATTS WILL EXPAND TOWARDS THE FIRE.
WHAT CAUSES HEAT SHADOWING?
AN OBJECT BLOCKING THE TRAVEL OF RADIATED HEAT
DEAD LOAD
THE WEIGHT OF THINGS ATTACHED TO THE BUILDINGS LIKE FLOORING, COLUMNS, AND ROOF COVERINGS
LIVE LOAD
LOAD THAT CAN MOVE LIKE PEOPLE, FURNITURE, WIND, WATER AND SNOW
COMPARTMENTATION
DESIGN FEATURES OF A BUILDING THAT LIMIT FIRE GROWTH TO THE ROOM OF ORIGIN
5 BUILDING CONSTRUCTION TYPES
TYPE I - FIRE RESISTANT
TYPE II - NONCOMBUSTIBLE
TYPE III - ORDINARY
TYPE IV - HEAVY TIMBER
TYPE V - WOOD FRAME
ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION
EXTERIOR WALLS ARE MASONRY AND FRAME IS WOOD
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION
LIGHTWEIGHT WOOD CONSTRUCTION, USED IN APARTMENTS AND HOUSES
FIRE RESISTANT CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPE I
NONCOMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPE II
ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPE III
HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPE IV
WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION IS WHAT TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION
TYPE V
PLATFORM FRAME CONSTRUCTION
EACH FLOOR IS A SEPARATE PLATFORM
BALLOON FRAME CONSTRUCTION
wall studs extend from basement to roof with no fire stops
OHM'S LAW
V=IR
ALTERNATING CURRENT VS DIRECT CURRENT
AC THE ELECTRONS FLOW OUT FROM THE SOURCE AND THEN BACK TO IT. DC ELECTRONS FLOW ONE WAY.
SINGLE PHASE SERVICE
RESIDENTIAL. 3 CONDUCTORS: 2 INSULATED CONDUCTORS AT 120 V EACH AND A BARE GROUND WIRE.
3 PHASE SERVICE
COMMERCIAL. 4 CONDUCTORS: (480, 240 OR 208 V) AND A BARE GROUND WIRE.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GROUNDING AND BONDING?
GROUNDING CONNECTS THE SYSTEM TO THE EARTH. BONDING CONNECTS TWO SYSTEMS TOGETHER SO THE CHARGE STAYS THE SAME BETWEEN THEM.
OVERCURRENT PROTECTION
A DEVICE THAT PROTECTS THE SYSTEM FROM EXCESS CURRENT SUCH AS CIRCUIT BREAKERS, PLUG FUSES AND TIME DELAY
WHAT ARE THE COLORS OF RESIDENTIAL WIRES?
HOT - BLACK OR RED
NEUTRAL - GRAY OR WHITE
GROUND - BARE OR GREEN
BLACK OR RED WIRE IN RESIDENTIAL
HOT
GRAY OR WHITE WIRE IN RESIDENTIAL
NEUTRAL
GREEN OR BARE WIRE IN RESIDENTIAL
GROUND
FLASHPOINT
THE MINIMUM TEMPERATURE AT WHICH LIQUID RELEASES ENOUGH VAPORS TO FORM AN IGNITABLE MIXTURE WITH AIR NEAR THE LIQUIDS SURFACE.
FIRE POINT
Temperature at which a liquid fuel produces sufficient vapors to support combustion once the fuel is ignited. The fire point is usually a few degrees above the flash point.
PYROLYSIS
FUEL IS CHEMICALLY CHANGED TO FLAMMABLE VAPORS
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRES
A, B, C , D, K
CLASS A FIRE
ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL SUCH AS PAPER OR WOOD
CLASS B FIRE
INVOLVES FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS AND GASES SUCH AS GASOLINE OR OIL
CLASS C FIRE
ENERGIZED ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
CLASS D FIRE
INVOLVES COMBUSTIBLE METALS SUCH AS ALUMINUM, MAGNESIUM AND SODIUM
CLASS K FIRE
INVOLVES OIL AND GREASES USED FOR COMMERCIAL KITCHENS
CEILING JET
Horizontal mushrooming of hot gases and flames across the ceiling.
EXPLOSIONS ARE EITHER _______ OR _________.
MECHANICAL OR CHEMICAL
MECHANICAL EXPLOSIONS
RESULT OF AN INCREASE IN PRESSURE INSIDE A CONFINED CONTAINER
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIONS
INVOLVE RAPID, EXOTHERMIC REACTIONS IN WHICH IGNITION SOURCE INITIATES THE EXPLOSION.
DEFLAGRATION
SLOWER REACTIONS AND GENERALLY FUELED BY DIFFUSED GASES OR DUST SUSPENDED IN THE AIR UNDER NORMAL PRESSURE.
DETONATION
MOST COMMONLY ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH EXPLOSIVES IN WHICH THE SOLID FUEL AND THE OXIDIZER FOR THE FUEL ARE UNDER GREAT PRESSURE
DAMAGE RESULTING FROM AN EXPLOSION IS CLASSIFIED AS EITHER
LOW ORDER OR HIGH ORDER
LOW ORDER DAMAGE
WALLS MAY BULGE AWAY FROM THE EXPLOSION OR FALL OUTWARD
HIGH ORDER DAMAGE
STRUCTURE OR STRUCTURAL MEMBERS ARE SHATTERED OR SPLINTERED
VOLTAGE
ELECTRICAL FORCE THAT CAUSES A CHARGE TO MOVE THROUGH A CONDUCTOR
SERIES CIRCUIT
CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION IN WHICH CURRENT FLOWS IN ONE PATH THROUGH ALL THE COMPONENTS.
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION IN WHICH DIFFERENT COMPONENTS IN THE CIRCUIT RECEIVE CURRENT FROM DIFFERENT PATHWAYS
AMPACITY
CURRENT CARRYING CAPACITY OF CONDUCTORS OR EQUIPMENT EXPRESSED IN AMPERES
SHORT CIRCUIT
A LOW RESISTANCE PATH BETWEEN CONDUCTORS THAT ALLOWS A HIGH CURRENT FLOW
GROUND FAULT
UNINTENDED PATH OF CURRENT FLOW BETWEEN A CONDUCTOR AND THE EARTH
MICHIGAN VS CLIFFORD
MUST GET WARRANT IF NOT EXIGENT
MICHIGAN VS TYLER
NO WARRANTS TO FIGHT FIRE
CONTAMINATION
GENERAL TERM REFERRING TO ANYTHING THAT CAN TAINT PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
SPOILATION
TERM THAT REFERS TO EVIDENCE THAT IS DESTROYED, DAMAGED, ALTERED OR OTHERWISE NOT PRESERVED BY SOMEONE WHO HAS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE EVIDENCE.
WHAT ARE SOME METHODS OF ELECTRICAL HEAT PRODUCTION?
RESISTANCE HEATING
SHORT CIRCUIT
GROUND FAULT
PARTING ARC
EXCESSIVE CURRENT
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN A SPARK AND AN ARC?
SPARKS ARE THROWN METAL PARTICLES. ARCS ARE BRIEF DISCHARGES OF ELECTRICITY.
WHAT IS ARC TRACKING?
ARCH FOLLOWING SALTS, DUSTS OR LIQUIDS ALONG A PATH
WHAT IS ARC MAPPING?
MAPPING OUT OF ELECTRICAL DAMAGE IN A CIRCUIT
WHAT IS STATIC ELECTRICITY?
A STATIONARY CHARGE CAUSED BY MOVEMENT OF ONE OBJECT AGAINST ANOTHER. LIGHTNING IS STATIC DISCHARGE.
TANK
STORAGE WITH GREATER THAN 1,000 LBS CAPACITY
CYLINDER
PORTABLE, USUALLY CONSUMER
WHAT ARE THE AGE GROUPS & TYPES OF CHILD FIRESETTERS?
CHILD 2-6 - CURIOSITY
JUVENILE 7-13 - PSYCHOLOGICAL OR EMOTIONAL
ADOLESCENT 14-16 - STRESS, ANGER AND OTHER PSYCHOLOGICAL OR EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS
WHAT ARE THE FOUR WAYS OF RIGHT OF ENTRY?
CONSENT
EXIGENT CIRCUMSTANCES
ADMINISTRATIVE SEARCH WARRANT
CRIMINAL SEARCH WARRANT
DEMOSTRATIVE EVIDENCE
ANY TANGIBLE EVIDENCE THAT YOU CAN SEE, TOUCH, FEEL OR SMELL.
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE
WRITTEN REPORTS OR DOCUMENTS RELEVANT TO THE CASE
TESTIMONIAL EVIDENCE
VERBAL TESTIMONY OF WITNESSES
WHAT IS ARSON?
CAUSING UNLAWFUL AND INTENTIONAL DAMAGE BY FIRE OR EXPLOSION TO STRUCTURES, VEHICLES AND PERSONAL PROPERTY
ACCELERANT
ANY SUBSTANCE USED TO INITIATE OR PROMOTE FIRE SPREAD
HOW MUCH SPACE CAN YOU FILL UP IN AN EVIDENCE CAN?
2/3 OF THE CAN
Gas Chromatography
SEPARATES MIXTURES INTO THEIR INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS
MASS SPECTROMETRY
FURTHER ANALYZES THE INDIVIDUAL COMPONENTS AFTER GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
POINT OF ORIGIN
EXACT PHYSICAL LOCATION WHERE A HEAT SOURCE AND FUEL COME TOGETHER AND A FIRE BEGINS
AREA OF ORIGIN
THE ROOM OR AREA WHERE THE FIRE BEGAN
RECOMMENDED PROCEDURE FOR ORIGIN DETERMINATION
PRELIMINARY SCENE ASSESSMENT
PRELIMINARY FIRE SPREAD SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT
INDEPTH EXTERIOR EXAMINATION
INDEPTH INTERIOR EXAMINATION
FIRE SCENE RECONSTRUCTION
FIRE SPREAD SCENARIO REPORT
COMPETENT IGNITION SOURCE
ONE THAT HAS SUFFICIENT ENERGY, TEMPERATURE, AND TIME TO RAISE THE FIRE FUEL TO ITS IGNITION TEMPERATURE
FOUR ELEMENTS OF DETERMINING A FIRE CAUSE
IGNITION SOURCE
FUEL FIRST IGNITED
OXIDIXER PRESENT
IGNITION SEQUENCE
FOUR CLASSIFICATION OF CAUSE:
ACCIDENTAL
NATURAL
INCENDIARY
UNDETERMINED
BLEVE
Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
BASIC TYPES OF EXPLOSIONS:
MECHANICAL
CHEMICAL
NUCLEAR
SEATED EXPLOSION
EXPLOSION WITH A CRATER OF DAMAGE
NONSEATED EXPLOSION
DISPERSED OR DIFFUSED FUELS WITH MODERATE PRESSURE RISE AND SUBSONIC VELOCITIES
BACKDRAFT
SMOKE EXPLOSION FROM AN OXYGEN DEPRIVED FIRE. OXYGEN IS INTRODUCED TO THE ROOM AND MIXED WITH FUEL AND IGNITES AND BURNS FAST ENOUGH TO PRODUCE LOW ORDER DAMAGE.
WHAT ARE SOME TIMED OPPORTUNITIES?
NATURAL CONDITIONS
CIVIL UNREST
FIRE DEPARTMENT UNAVAILABLE
MOTIVES FOR FIRE SETTING
VANDALISM
EXCITEMENT
REVENGE
CRIME CONCEALMENT
PROFIT
EXTREMISM
CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING CAUSES WHAT COLOR OF THE SKIN?
CHERRY PINK
WHAT ARE THE DEGREE OF BURNS?
1, 2, 3, 4
WHAT SHOULD YOU DOCUMENT ON AN APPLIANCE IN THE AREA OF ORIGIN?
CONTROLS
BONDING/GROUNDING
POSITION OF MOVING PARTS
CLOCKS
POWER SUPPLY
FUEL SUPPLY
WHAT IDENTIFYING INFORMATION SHOULD YOU GET FOR EACH APPLIANCE?
MANUFACTURER
MODEL NUMBER
SERIAL NUMBER
DATE OF MANUFACTURE
NAME OF PRODUCT
WARNINGS
RECOMMENDATIONS
WHAT DO FLUORESCENT LIGHTS AND HID LIGHTS HAVE IN COMMON?
THEY HAVE BALLASTS WHICH CAN FAIL AND CAUSE A FIRE
WHAT ARE THE TWO BASIC FUEL SYSTEMS IN A CAR?
LOW PRESSURE - 3-5 PSI CARBORATED
HIGH PRESSURE - 35-70 PSI FUEL INJECTED
WILDFIRES HAVE WHAT TWO TYPES OF FUELS?
GROUND AND ARIEL FUELS
WHAT ARE SOME WAYS TO IDENTIFY A BOAT?
HULL IDENTIFICATION NUMBER
REGISTRATION NUMBERS
US COAST GUARD DOCUMENTATION NUMBERS
BOAT NAME AND HAILING PORT
WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN GASOLINE FUEL SYSTEMS?
HIGH PRESSURE - FUEL INJECTED
LOW PRESSURE - CARBUERATED
COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
Flashpoint at or above 100 degrees F
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
FLASHPOINT BELOW 100 DEGREES F
WHAT ARE METHODS OF DEATH IN A FIRE?
CO POISONING
HYPERTHERMIA
INHALATION OF HOT GASES
TOXINS, SOOT, SMOKE
HYPOXIA (LACK OF OXYGEN)
WHAT ARE THE THREE PHASES OF IGNITION?
GENERATION
TRANSMISSION
HEATING
EVERY INVESTIGATION SHOULD BE CONDUCTED USING THE _____METHOD AND A ______ APPROACH.
SCIENTIFIC AND SYSTEMATIC
WHAT IS THE PREFERRED METHOD OF TRANSPORTING EVIDENCE TO THE STATE LAB?
HAND DELIVERY
WHAT ARE THE FOUR TYPES OF EVIDENCE CONTAINERS?
METAL CANS
GLASS JARS
SPECIAL EVIDENCE BAGS
COMMON PLASTIC BAGS
WHAT ARE TWO WAYS OF DETECTING HYDROCARBONS?
CANINE
HYDROCARBON DETECTOR
WHAT ARE THE TWO MAIN TYPES OF FIRE SCENE DRAWINGS?
SKETCHES AND DIAGRAMS
TWO TYPES OF CAMERAS?
DIGITAL AND FILM
INCENDIVE ARC
AN ARC WITH ENOUGH HEAT ENERGY AND TIME TO BE A COMPETENT IGNITION SOURCE
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS?
WET PIPE
DRY PIPE
PRE-ACTION
DELUGE
RESIDENTIAL
WHAT FACTORS INFLUENCE FIRE PATTERN GENERATION?
FIRE PLUME, VENTILATION, HOT GAS LAYER, FULL ROOM INVOLVEMENT, SUPPRESSION
COUNTERFLOW FLAME SPREAD
The flame spread direction is counter to or opposed to the gas flow.
CONCURRENT FLAME SPREAD
MOVING WITH THE AIR FLOW
WHAT ARE THE BASIC STEPS TO INVESTIGATE A FIRE?
RECEIVE THE ASSIGNMENT
PREPARE FOR THE INVESTIGATION
CONDUCT THE INVESTIGATION
COLLECT EVIDENCE
NFPA 921
GUIDE DESIGNED TO PRODUCE A SYSTEMATIC, WORKING FRAMEWORK TO ENSURE EFFECTIVE FIRE/EXPLOSION INVESTIGATION AND ORIGIN/CAUSE ANALYSIS
NFPA 1033
STANDARD DESIGNED TO ESTABLISH MINIMUM JPR FOR SERVICE AS A FIRE INVESTIGATOR
EMPIRICAL DATA
DATA THAT IS COLLECTED BASED ON OBSERVATION OR EXPERIENCE AND ARE CAPABLE OF BEING VERIFIED
EXPECTATION BIAS
Preconceived determination or premature conclusion as to what the cause of the fire was without having examined or considered all of the relevant data.
AIR ENTRAINMENT
The process of air or gases being drawn into a fire, plume, or jet.
AUTOIGNITION TEMPERATURE
THE LOWEST TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A GAS AIR MIXTURE WILL IGNITE IN THE ABSENCE OF AN IGNITION SOURCE
DIFFUSION FLAME BURNING
A FLAME IN WHICH THE FUEL AND AIR MIX OR DIFFUSE TOGETHER AT THE REGION OF COMBUSTION
FIRE DYNAMICS
The detailed study of how chemistry, fire science, and the engineering disciplines of fluid mechanics and heat transfer interact to influence fire behavior.
RAINBOW EFFECT
A DIFFRACTION PATTERN FORMED WHEN HYDROCARBONS FLOAT ON A SURFACE
HYDROCARBON
A COMPOUND OF HYDROGEN AND CARBON SUCH AS ANY OF THOSE WHICH ARE THE CHIEF COMPONENTS OF PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS
FOUR TYPES OF HYDROCARBONS
alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons
SMOKE DEPOSITS
HOT PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION; CONDENSATES
WHAT THREE THINGS ARE NECESSARY TO PROVE ARSON?
A BURNING OCCURRED
THE BURNING WAS INCENDIARY
THE ACCUSED WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CRIMINAL ACT
WHAT IS NOT NECESSARY FOR AN ARSON CONVICTION?
MOTIVE
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 1ST DEGREE AND 2ND DEGREE ARSON?
CREATING A RISK OF DEATH OR SERIOUS BODILY INJURY TO HUMAN LIFE
CRAZING
RAPID COOLING OF HEATED GLASS
WHAT DOES AN INVERTED CONE INDICATE?
HEAT WAS CLOSER TO THE GROUND POSSIBLE POOLED IGNITABLE LIQUIDS OR A NATURAL GAS LEAK. ALSO A SHORT LIVED FIRE WITH NO OBSTRUCTIONS.
WHERE WILL THE DEEPEST CHAR BE LOCATED?
NEAR THE AREA OF ORIGIN
CEILING DAMAGE SHOULD BE HOW MUCH GREATER THAN FLOOR DAMAGE?
70-80 PERCENT
AT WHAT TEMPERATURE DO LIGHT BULBS BEGIN TO SWELL OR DISTORT?
900 DEGREES FOR 10 MIN
HEAT GENERATED AS ENERGY PASSES THROUGH A CONDUCTOR IS KNOW AS?
RESISTANCE HEATING
HOW ARE AMPS DETERMINED?
WATTS/VOLTS = AMPS
A NATURAL GAS EXPLOSION WILL DAMAGE WHAT PART OF THE STRUCTURE?
THE UPPER LEVELS, NATURAL GAS IS LIGHTER THAN AIR AND WILL RISE
COPPER MELTS AT
1980 DEGREES F
ALUMINUM MELTS AT
1220 DEGREES F
WHAT IS A TRUE GROUND FAULT?
WHEN A HOT WIRE CONTACTS THE NEUTRAL WIRE
WHAT ARE THE THREE TYPES OF DELAY DEVICES FOR AN INCENDIARY DEVICE?
ELECTRICAL
CHEMICAL
MECHANICAL
HANDMADE NAPALM IS MADE FROM?
A MIXTURE OF GAS AND STYROFOAM
DESCRIBE A TRUNCATED CONE.
A U SHAPE PATTERN ON A WALL EXTENDED DOWN FROM THE CEILING
WHAT IS A TRAILER?
ANYTHING USED TO SPREAD FIRE FROM ONE AREA TO ANOTHER
EVIDENCE CAN BE COLLECTED AT THE SCENE BY:
PRIVATE INVESTIGATORS
INSURANCE COMPANY REPS
AN INVESTIGATOR SHOULD ONLY ENTER A BURNING STRUCTURE IF:
THE INVESTIGATOR IS PROPERLY TRAINED AND ACCOMPANIED BY FIRE SUPPRESSION PERSONNEL
A DANGEROUSLY WEAKENED STRUCTURE SHOULD BE:
EVALUATED BY EXPERTS TO ASSESS THE DEGREE OF STRUCTURAL DAMAGE
THE HEATING OF A STEEL BEAM THAT CARRIES HEAT TO AN UNEXPOSED PART OF THE BUILDING AND STARTS ANOTHER FIRE WOULD BE AN EXAMPLE OF:
CONDUCTION
HEAT THAT IS CONDUCTED FOR ONE BODY TO ANOTHER AS A RESULT OF DIRECT CONTACT WITH ANOTHER HEAT SOURCE IS:
CONDUCTION
DIESEL ENGINES USE THE PRINCIPAL OF ____ TO IGNITE FUEL VAPOR.
HEAT OF COMPRESSION
A BRITISH THERMAL UNIT IS DEFINED AS THE QUANTITY OF HEAT REQUIRED TO RAISE THE TEMPERATURE OF:
ONE POUND OF WATER 1 DEGREE F
THE LOWEST TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID WILL GIVE OFF VAPORS AT A SUFFICIENT RATE TO SUPPORT A MOMENTARY FLAME ACROSS ITS SURFACE IS KNOWN AS ITS:
FLASHPOINT
WHICH IS THE CORRECT ORDER OF EXPLOSION FROM SLOWEST TO FASTEST?
COMBUSTION, DEFLAGRATION, DETONATION
GASES WITH VAPOR DENSITY LESS THAN ONE WILL:
RISE AND CONCENTRATE AT THE HIGH POINTS OF CONFINEMENT
THE OXIDATION REACTION THAT RESULTS IN A VERY RAPID OXIDATION WITH THE EVOLUTION OF HEAT AND LIGHT AS WELL AS THE GENERATION OF A VERY LOW INTENSITY PRESSURE WAVE OF MOVING GASES IS:
DEFLAGRATION
COMBUSTIBLE DUSTS PRESENT A UNIQUE HAZARD BECAUSE OF THEIR ABILITY TO FORM ____ MIXTURES WITHIN AN ENCLOSURE.
EXPLOSIVE
THE OXIDATION REACTION THAT RESULTS IN EXTREMELY RAPID, ALMOST INSTANTANEOUS OXIDATION OF CONSIDERABLE HEAT ACCOMPANIED BY A VERY VIOLENT DISRUPTIVE EFFECT, AND AT SUPERSONIC SPEED IS:
DETONATION
WHICH BUILDING CONSTRUCTION TYPES ARE NONCOMBUSTIBLE/FIRE RESISTANT?
TYPE I AND II
ONE FEATURE COMMON TO ALL TYPES OF TRUSSES IS THAT IF ONE MEMBER FAILS:
THE ENTIRE TRUSS IS LIKELY TO FALL
HOW DOES INTERIOR FINISH CONTRIBUTE TO A FIRE?
IT MAY ADD TO THE INTENSITY OF THE FIRE BY CONTRIBUTING ADDITIONAL FUEL
THE SHED ROOF IS DESCRIBED AS:
A ROOF THAT SLOPES IN ONLY ONE DIRECTION
THE PUBLIC RECORD INFORMATION OBTAINED BY YOU FROM THE STATE FIRE MARSHAL'S OFFICE WOULD PROVIDE:
FIRE INCIDENT DATABASES
THE PUBLIC RECORD INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM THE MUNICIPAL FIRE DEPARTMENT WOULD PROVIDE:
FIRE INCIDENT REPORTS
THE PUBLIC INFORMATION OBTAINED BY THE INVESTIGATOR FROM THE MUNICIPAL STREET DEPARTMENT WOULD PROVIDE:
MAPS SHOWING THE LOCATION OF DRAINS, CONDUITS AND EASEMENTS
SIZE 10 WIRE
30 AMPS
SIZE 12 WIRE
20 AMPS
SIZE 8 WIRE
40 AMPS
WHAT TYPE OF INFORMATION WOULD YOU OBTAIN FROM TITLE COMPANIES?
FORMER OWNERS OF THE PROPERTY
WHICH IS CONSIDERED AN INFORMATION SOURCE FOR TOWN/MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT?
TOWN/CITY CLERK
WHICH IS CONSIDERED AN INFORMATION SOURCE FOR THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT?
US FIRE ADMINISTRATION
FIRE INVESTIGATORS SHOULD TAKE STEPS TO PROTECT THEMSELVES WHEN DANGEROUS ATMOSPHERES ARE SUSPECTED AT THE FIRE OR EXPLOSION SCENE BY:
TESTING THE AIR USING HAZARD DETECTION INSTRUMENTS
IN WHICH STATE IS SOLID FUEL THE MOST HAZARDOUS?
POWDER OR DUST
THE UPPER AND LOWER CONCENTRATIONS OF A VAPOR THAT WILL PRODUCE A FLAME AT A GIVEN PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE ARE CALLED:
FLAMMABLE AND EXPLOSIVE LIMITS
WHEN DETERMINING FUEL LOADS WITHIN A BUILDING, WHAT TWO FACTORS MUST BE CONSIDERED?
INTERIOR SURFACE COVERING AND FURNISHINGS
WHEN DETERMINING FIRE SPREAD IN A STRUCTURE, ONE IMPORTANT FACTOR TO CONSIDER IS:
VENTILATION OPENINGS
BACKDRAFT MAY OCCUR WHEN:
OXYGEN IS INTRODUCED INTO A FIRE THAT IS OXYGEN DEFICIENT
A SUDDEN CONVERSION OF POTENTIAL ENERGY TO KINETIC ENERGY IS AN
EXPLOSION
THE IGNITABILITY OF ANY DUST AIR MIXTURE IS BASED ON WHICH OF THE FACTORS LISTED BELOW?
WEIGHT OF PARTICLE, IMPURITIES IN THE MIXTURE, TEMPERATURE OF IGNITION SOURCE
A GAMBEL ROOF IS DESCRIBED AS A:
TWO SIDED ROOF WITH DOUBLE SLOPE AND EACH SIDE
FIRE RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION IS ALSO KNOWN AS
TYPE I
THE GABLE ROOF IS DESCRIBED AS:
PITCHED DOWN IN TWO DIRECTIONS FROM A HIGH POINT
THE MANSARD ROOF IS DESCRIBED AS:
HIP ROOF HAVING TWO SLOPES ON EACH SIDE
IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION, THE TERM COMPRESSION IS DESCRIBED AS:
FORCES ARE CRUSHING
WHICH IS CONSIDERED AN INFORMATION SOURCE FOR PRIVATE ORGANIZATIONS?
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF ARSON INVESTIGATORS
A METHOD TO IDENTIFY HAZARDOUS MATERIALS IS:
NOTING PLACARDS AND LABELS
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT FIRE SCENE INVESTIGATIONS BE CONDUCTED BY THE:
INVESTIGATOR AND ONE OTHER PERSON
A FIRE IN THE PRESENCE OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF OXYGEN WILL:
BURN FASTER
THE TRANSITION PHASE DURING A COMPARTMENT FIRE WHERE ALL CONTENTS REACH THEIR IGNITION TEMPERATURE AND SIMULTANEOUSLY IGNITE IS CALLED:
FLASHOVER
HEAT THAT IS CREATED BY PASSING AN ELECTRICAL FORCE THROUGH A CONDUCTOR DEFINES ______ HEATING
RESISTANCE
THE BASIC CHEMICAL PROCESS ASSOCIATED WITH COMBUSTION IS CALLED:
OXIDATION
IN THE FIRE TETRAHEDRON, WHAT IS THE REDUCING AGENT?
FUEL
WHICH CONDITION WOULD BE CONDUCIVE TO CREATING AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE IN THE STORAGE, HANDLING, AND USE OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS?
CONCENTRATION OF VAPOR
THE TYPE OF ROOF THAT HAS INCLINED FLAT SURFACES IS CALLED A ____ ROOF.
PITCHED
THE HIP ROOF IS DESCRIBED AS
PITCHED DOWN IN TOW DIRECTIONS FROM A HIGHER POINT
BUILDING CONSTRUCTION CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO ___ BASIC TYPES.
5
WHERE WOULD A MSDS SHEET BE FOUND?
ON SITE
VAPOR DENSITY IS DEFINED AS THE WEIGHT OF:
GAS AS COMPARED TO THE WEIGHT OF AIR
THE MAIN HAZARD OF AN OXIDIZER UNDER FIRE CONDITIONS IS ITS ABILITY TO:
YIELD OXYGEN TO ENHANCE COMBUSTION
WHEN HEATED TO TEMPERATURES FOUND AT MOST WORKING FIRES, UNPROTECTED STEEL CONSTRUCTION WILL
RETAIN ITS STRENGTH IF THE TEMPERATURE DOES NOT EXCEED 1400 DEGREES F
THERMAL EXPANSION OF METAL CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS CAN BE AN INDICATOR TO THE FIRE INVESTIGATOR OF AN:
AREA HEATED TO A HIGHER TEMPERATURE FOR A LONGER PERIOD OF TIME
WHAT IS THE ALLOWABLE AMPACITY OF SIZE 12 COMMON COPPER WIRE?
20 AMPS
WHAT IS THE ALLOWABLE AMPACITY OF SIZE 14 COMMON COPPER WIRE?
15 AMPS
AN ABNORMAL CONNECTION OF LOW RESISTANCE BETWEEN CONDUCTORS WHERE THE RESISTANCE IS NORMALLY MUCH GREATER IS CALLED A
SHORT CIRCUIT
THE INSPECTION AND EVALUATION OF THE FIRE SCENE FOR THE DETERMINATION PROCESS AND LOCATION OF THE POINT/AREA OF ORIGIN INVOLVES THE COORDINATION OF INFORMATION DERIVED FROM:
A HYPOTHESIZED ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF THE FIRE AND WITNESS STATEMENTS
WHICH IS THE LEAST EFFECTIVE METHOD OF CONTROLLING ACCESS INTO THE ESTABLISHED FIRE SCENE PERIMETER?
MARKER BARRIER/BARRICADE TAPE
A FLOOR PLAN SKETCH CONSISTS OF
AN OUTLINE OF EACH FLOOR OF THE BUILDING SHOWING WALLS, PARTITIONS, OPENINGS
FIRE SCENE SKETCHES:
SHOW THE ACCURATE LOCATION OF EVIDENCE FOUND AT THE SCENE
WHEN COLLECTING PHYSICAL EVIDENCE FOR EXAMINATION AND TESTING, IT IS OFTEN NECESSARY TO ALSO COLLECT:
COMPARISON SAMPLES
THE FORM OF ARSON EVIDENCE OFTEN SUBMITTED FOR ANALYSIS CAN BE CLASSIFIED AS
SOLID MATERIALS SUSPECTED OF ABSORBING VOLATILE LIQUIDS
THE DESIGN THAT SHOWS THE SIZE AND ARRANGEMENT OF SERVICE ENTRANCE, SWITCHES, OUTLETS, AND ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES IS THE:
ELECTRICAL DRAWING
WHAT IS THE ALLOWABLE AMPACITY OF COMMON COPPER WIRE, SIZE 10?
30 AMPS
WHICH IS THE RECOGNIZED FORMAT WHEN WRITING AN INVESTIGATIVE REPORT?
SUMMARY, SCENE DESCRIPTION, INVESTIGATION, CONCLUSIONS
A SKETCH DEPICTING THE GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE PROPERTY IN REFERENCE TO SEWER, WATER, ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION, AND OTHER IMPORTANT FEATURES IS A:
SITE PLAN
PARTING ARCS
BRIEF DISCHARGE THAT OCCURS AS AN ENERGIZED PATH THAT IS OPENED WHILE CURRENT IS FLOWING
TYPE III CONSTRUCTION IS CONSTRUCTION IN WHICH:
ALL OR PART OF THE INTERIOR STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS MAY BE OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS AND EXTERIOR WALLS ARE REQUIRED TO BE NONCOMBUSTIBLE OR LIMITED COMBUSTIBLE.
MECHANICAL HEAT ENERGY INITIATED BY THE MOVEMENT BETWEEN OBJECTS IN CONTACT WITH ONE ANOTHER DEFINES
FRICTIONAL HEATING
THE COMMON HAZARD ASSOCIATED WITH CENTRAL HEATING APPLIANCESM UNIT HEATERS, AND ROOM HEATERS IS:
PROXIMITY OF INSTALLATION TO COMBUSTIBLES
A FIRE BARRIER WALL IS NOT REQUIRED TO BE CONSTRUCTED OF NONCOMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS.
TRUE
THERE ARE GENERALLY TWO TYPES OF HEAT DETECTORS
SPOT DETECTION AND LINEAR DETECTION
WET PIPE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
A SPRINKLER SYSTEM EMPLOYING AUTOMATIC SPRINKLERS ATTACHED TO A PIPING SYSTEM CONTAINING WATER SUPPLY SO THAT WATER DISCHARGES IMMEDIATELY FROM SPRINKLERS OPENED BY HEAT FROM A FIRE