Chapter 21 Fire Suppression

What strategy is often used in lumbaryard fires?

Defensive

In what kind of operation is the objective for fire fighters to get close enough to the fire to apply extinguishing agents at close range?

Offensive

All fire suppression operations can be classified as either:

Offensive or defensive

In an indirect fire attack, where is the water directed?

At the ceiling

Unlike single-level structures, when fighting fires on multiple-level structures, it is important for fire fighters to:

Protect stairways and vertical openings between floors

A combination attack uses:

Both indirect attack and direct attack method

What is the most effective means of fire suppression, in most situations?

A direct attack

During a defensive firefighting operation, what level of priority is exposure protection?

High priority

During basement fires, fire fighters may find it difficult to:

Keep their sense of orientation

What is one danger with an indirect fire attack?

Hot fire gases and steam can be forced down onto fire fighters, which can cause burns.

In an alternative-fuel vehicle fire, fire fighters should:

Use an unmanned master stream.

During basement fires, the working conditions for fire fighters often include:

High heat and low visibility.

A blitz attack is a(n):

Offensive use of a master stream.

In what type of operation are large handlines and master streams more often used?

Defensive

What is it called when two groups of fire fighters are both operating hose lines "against" each other?

Opposing hose lines

What would describe the appearance of a solid stream?

A continuous column of water

What is the relevance of water being divided into droplets with a very large surface area in a fog stream?

That pattern absorbs heat efficiently.

In what type(s) of operations are master stream devices used?

Typically defensive but occasionally offensive

What is another term for a deck gun?

A turret pipe

There are two hose line sizes that are used most frequently for interior fire attack. What is one of them, in inches?

1_

Which of the following is an acceptable method of extinguishing a dumpster fire?

Filling the dumpster with water from a deck gun

What is an elevated master stream device that is mounted at the tip of an aerial ladder called?

A ladder pipe

What is the water delivery device called that flows a minimum of 350 gallons of water per minute?

A master stream

What are two different methods of discharging water onto a fire?

Direct and indirect

What is one perhaps non-intuitive use for a fog stream besides putting water on a fire?

Venting gases out a window

What danger is suggested by the observation of a sagging roof during a structure fire?

Building collapse

An indirect fire attack is particularly effective and preventing _______ from occurring.

Backdraft

How many fire fighters are needed to advance and control a large handline?

At least two

What defines the pattern and form of the water that is discharged onto a fire by a hose line?

The nozzle

Who makes the decision about which type of strategy to use on any given fire?

The incident commander

What is the term that means taking actions to prevent the spread of a fire to areas that are not already burning?

Protecting exposures

When water is converted to steam, how does the volume of steam made compare to the volume of water?

The steam occupies many hundreds of times more volume

Should fire fighters extinguish all fires they encounter as they proceed through a burning building toward the seat of the fire?

Yes, otherwise fires could grow behind them cutting off their exit route.

What are the two types of nozzle that produce fire streams?

Smooth bore and adjustable

What is the term for the activities of putting a fire out?

Fire suppression

Fine water droplets and maximum high water surface area are characteristics of a ____ stream.

Fog

A stream designed to be as compact as possible with little shower or spray is known as a _____ stream.

Solid

A straight stream is discharged from a/an ______ nozzle.

Adjustable-fog

Under what circumstances should master stream devices be directed into buildings where fire fighters are operating inside?

Under no circumstances

During an attack on a confined interior building fire, water should not be applied for too long or the ____ will be upset, causing it to drop rapidly to the floor.

Thermal layer

One advantage of a solid stream nozzle is:

It provides an extended reach

To achieve extinguishment, sufficient water must be applied to:

Absorb heat faster than it is being generated

A fire stream is:

Water or another agent as it leaves the nozzle toward the target

When faced with an electrical emergency the fire fighter shall try to:

Have equipment de-energized

Pressurized flammable liquids and gases should:

Not be extinguished unless the fuel can be immediately shut off

A BLEVE:

Can occur when insufficient water is applied to keep the tank cool

The safest recommended means for a fire fighter to disconnect electrical service to a building is to:

Shut off the main power breaker/fuse in the panel box

An increase in the intensity of sound or fire issuing from a relief valve may indicate:

Rupture of the vessel is imminent

When containers of flammable gases are exposed to flame impingement, the water for cooling the container should be applied to cool the:

container base

The preferred method of controlling flammable liquid fires is:

The use of foam

A forward staging area for high-rise fires is usually established _____ floor(s) below the fire.

2

The term ______ refers to all of the tactics and tasks that are performed on the fire scene to achieve the final goal of extinguishing the fire.

Fire Suppression

When fire fighters advance hose lines into a building to attack a fire, the strategy is:

Offensive

______ operations are conducted from the exterior, by directing water streams from a safe distance.

Defensive

_____ handlines are often used to conduct an interior attack on a large fire.

Large

_____ handlines are used for most interior fire attack operations.

Small

____ handlines and ___ streams are more often used in defensive operations.

Large,master

The primary objective in a defensive operation is to prevent the fire from:

Spreading

______ protection should be a high priority during a defensive operation.

Exposure

When water is converted to gaseous steam, it expands to occupy a volume _____ times greater than the volume of an equivalent amount of liquid water.

1700

What are one of the most common types of fires handled by fire departments?

Vehicle fires

Flammable-liquid fires can be classified as either:

Two-dimensional or three-dimensional

A ______ fire refers to a spill, pool, or open container of liquid that is burning only on the top surface.

Two-dimensional

A _____ fire refers to a situation in which the burning liquid is dripping, spraying, or flowing over the edges of a container.

Three-dimensional

What is added to propane to give it an distinctive odor?

Mercaptan